Ahmadkhaniha Reza, Ghoochani Mahboobeh, Rastkari Noushin
Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Environmental and Occupational Health Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2020 Sep 28;18(2):1265-1269. doi: 10.1007/s40201-020-00544-2. eCollection 2020 Dec.
1, 3-Butadiene is an important industrial compound. Based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in laboratory animals and humans, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, in 1999, classified 1, 3-Butadiene as a probable carcinogen to humans (group 2A). The potential for exposure to vehicle exhaust containing these chemical compounds is very noticeable in urban locations. Exposure to incomplete combustion of gasoline has been a long time concern in many occupational fields, including policemen, service stations, and the petroleum industry but in Iran has rarely been studied.
This study designed to determine the exposure levels for traffic policemen and gas station workers during routine work shift, by biological monitoring. With this aim, 25 policemen engaged in traffic control, 25 gas station workers and 25 occupationally non-exposed persons were investigated. Spot urine samples were obtained prior to and at the end of the work shift from each subject. The urinary levels of selected urinary metabolites (MHBMA and DHBMA) were determined by using LC-MS/MS.
There were significant differences among the mean urinary concentrations of DHBMA in pre-shift samples of policemen, gas station workers and occupationally non-exposed persons. The mean urinary concentrations of DHBMA differed significantly among post-shift samples of policemen and gas station (ANOVA: p < 0.05 and Kruskal-Wallis test: p < 0.05).
There was a significant difference in DHBMA concentrations between job categories (p < 0.05 by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test), and policemen and gas station workers were found to be probably the most exposed groups in this study.
1,3 - 丁二烯是一种重要的工业化合物。基于实验室动物和人类致癌性的充分证据，国际癌症研究机构于1999年将1,3 - 丁二烯归类为对人类可能的致癌物（2A组）。在城市地区，接触含有这些化合物的汽车尾气的可能性非常明显。长期以来，汽油不完全燃烧的暴露问题在许多职业领域都受到关注，包括警察、加油站和石油行业，但在伊朗很少进行研究。
本研究旨在通过生物监测确定交警和加油站工作人员在日常工作班次期间的暴露水平。为此，对25名从事交通管制的警察、25名加油站工作人员和25名职业未暴露者进行了调查。在每个受试者工作班次开始前和结束时采集即时尿样。使用液相色谱 - 串联质谱法测定选定尿代谢物（MHBMA和DHBMA）的尿水平。
警察、加油站工作人员和职业未暴露者班前尿样中DHBMA的平均尿浓度存在显著差异。警察和加油站工作人员班后尿样中DHBMA的平均尿浓度也存在显著差异（方差分析：p < 0.05；Kruskal - Wallis检验：p < 0.05）。
不同职业类别之间DHBMA浓度存在显著差异（方差分析和Kruskal - Wallis检验p < 0.05），本研究发现警察和加油站工作人员可能是暴露程度最高的群体。
