Rodrigues Flávia S C, Campos António, Martins João, Ambrósio António Francisco, Campos Elisa J
Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020 Dec 14;6(12):6587-6597. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01347. Epub 2020 Dec 2.
Vision is the most dominant of our senses, and it is crucial in every stage of our lives. Ocular diseases, regardless of whether they cause vision impairment or not, lead to personal and financial hardships. The anatomy and physiology of the eye strongly limit the efficacy of current ocular drug delivery strategies. Nanotechnology has been the ground for the development of powerful strategies in several fields, namely in medicine. This review highlights emerging nanotechnology-based solutions for improving ocular drug delivery and thus the bioavailability and efficacy of drugs. We focus our review on ambitious but promising approaches currently emerging to leverage the efficacy of nanoparticle-based systems in ocular therapy: (i) light-responsive nanoparticles, which enable spatiotemporal control of drug release; (ii) mesoporous silica nanoparticles, which offer high surface area-to-volume ratio, simple surface modification, good biocompatibility, and improved bioavailability; and (iii) contact lenses, which serve as a compliant method of nanoparticles use and as drug delivery systems for the treatment of ocular diseases.
视觉是我们最为主要的感官，在我们生命的每个阶段都至关重要。眼部疾病，无论是否导致视力受损，都会带来个人和经济上的困难。眼睛的解剖结构和生理机能严重限制了当前眼部药物递送策略的效果。纳米技术已成为多个领域，尤其是医学领域中强大策略发展的基础。本综述重点介绍了基于纳米技术的新兴解决方案，以改善眼部药物递送，从而提高药物的生物利用度和疗效。我们的综述聚焦于目前正在出现的、雄心勃勃但颇具前景的方法，以利用基于纳米粒子的系统在眼部治疗中的功效：（i）光响应纳米粒子，可实现药物释放的时空控制；（ii）介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子，具有高比表面积、简单的表面修饰、良好的生物相容性和提高的生物利用度；以及（iii）隐形眼镜，它是使用纳米粒子的一种合适方法，也是用于治疗眼部疾病的药物递送系统。
