CeDInt-UPM, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Dec 12;20(24):7133. doi: 10.3390/s20247133.
In this work, a novel current metering device was presented. This device was intended to bring current metering capabilities to a wide variety of scenarios: Developing countries, rural areas, or any situation with technological constraints. The device was designed to provide a straightforward installation with no intrusion in the electrical panels. This was achieved by applying energy harvesting techniques and wireless communication technology for data transmission. The device was able to exploit the magnetic field inducted around a wire carrying electricity as energy harvesting, thus acquiring the power it needed to work. Since very low power was harvested, an efficient treatment for the incoming power and a minimal power consumption system were essential. Although exploiting the magnetic fields inducted around a wire has been used for years, the combination of this technology for both energy harvesting and current metering in an end-user device was off-center. To work in a wide variety of scenarios, it used Sigfox for communications as this brought wide coverage and out-of-the-box functioning. The theoretical design of the device was validated by verification assessments for the joint performance of the individual parts compounding the device, including metering capabilities and wireless communication test-bench. Finally, the metering device was tested under three distinct real-world scenarios that demonstrated the viability of the system. Results show that, depending on the metering period and the average current value in the mains line, the device could work forever acquiring and sending electricity consumption data. Perpetual working was achieved with an average current of 3.1 A to meter every 15 min, and an average current of 5 A for a 5-min metering period.
在这项工作中，提出了一种新颖的电流计量装置。该装置旨在为各种场景带来电流计量功能：发展中国家、农村地区或任何存在技术限制的情况。该设备旨在实现简单的安装，而不会对电气面板造成任何干扰。这是通过应用能量收集技术和无线通信技术实现数据传输来实现的。该设备能够利用电线周围感应的磁场作为能量收集，从而获取工作所需的能量。由于采集的功率非常低，因此需要对输入功率进行有效的处理，并采用最小功耗系统。尽管多年来一直利用电线周围感应的磁场来进行能量收集，但将这项技术应用于最终用户设备中的能量收集和电流计量是一种创新。为了在各种场景中工作，它使用 Sigfox 进行通信，因为它提供了广泛的覆盖范围和即用型功能。该设备的理论设计通过对构成设备的各个部分的联合性能进行验证评估得到了验证，包括计量能力和无线通信测试台。最后，该计量设备在三个不同的实际场景下进行了测试，证明了系统的可行性。结果表明，根据计量周期和主线上的平均电流值，该设备可以永远获取并发送用电数据。在平均电流为 3.1A 的情况下，每 15 分钟计量一次，平均电流为 5A 的情况下，每 5 分钟计量一次，可以实现永久工作。
