Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2020 Dec;9(6):505-511. doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000330.
The ocular surface is exposed continuously to the environment and, as a consequence, to a variety of different microbes. After the results of the Human Microbiome Project became publicly available, international research groups started to focus interest on exploring the ocular surface microbiome and its physiopathological relationship to the eye. For example, numerous research studies the existence of the ocular surface's bacterial flora, typically gathering cultures from healthy patients and finding few variations in the bacterial species. More recently, culture-independent methods, including 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing, are being used to define the ocular microbiome. These newer methods suggest that the microbial communities have a greater diversity than previously reported. These communities seem to serve an immune-modulating function and maintain relationships with other microbes and organs, even distant ones. This review summarizes the literature exploring the ocular microbiome, both in health and in different diseases.
眼睛表面持续暴露于环境中，因此会接触到各种不同的微生物。人类微生物组计划的结果公布后，国际研究小组开始关注探索眼表面微生物组及其与眼睛的生理病理关系。例如，许多研究都发现了眼表面细菌菌群的存在，通常从健康患者中采集培养物，并且细菌种类变化不大。最近，包括 16S 核糖体核糖核酸 (rRNA) 基因测序在内的非培养方法正被用于定义眼微生物组。这些新方法表明，微生物群落的多样性比以前报道的要大。这些群落似乎具有免疫调节功能，并与其他微生物和器官（甚至是遥远的器官）保持关系。本综述总结了探索眼微生物组的文献，包括健康和不同疾病中的眼微生物组。
