Lee Junghyun, Jung Jinyeub, Yoon Seok J, Byeon Sang-Hoon
Department of Health Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Department of Civil, Safety & Environmental Engineering, Hankyong University, Jungang-ro 327, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17579, Republic of Korea.
Saf Health Work. 2020 Dec;11(4):418-424. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.08.008. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
According to the previous studies, the work-related accident rate decreased in Korea after the introduction of occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS), but there were several disasters in Korea such as subway worker's death at Guui station in 2016 and the Taean thermal power plant accident in 2018, which escalated the social demand for safety. In 2018, OHSMS became an international standard, as ISO45001 was announced.
A survey was conducted to research the implementation status of OHSMS and changes in people's perception, and the results were compared with those of a past survey.
Enhanced social demand and various stakeholders' (not only buyer) needs, and social responsibility are perceived as the motivation for the introduction of OHSMS rather than legal compliance or customer demand. In the questionnaire about problems with the implementation of OHSMS, the factors with higher response rate in 2018 than 2004 were "excessive cost" and "complicated documentation management." In the questionnaire about how to promote OHSMS in organizations, most people answered "reduction of workers' compensation insurance rate" in 2004, but most people answered "exemption from health and safety supervision" in 2018.
For the effective implementation of ISO45001, emphasis is placed on social demand, training to recognize health and safety as a part of management, and the reduction of certification and consulting costs to promote the introduction of OHSMS. Incentives such as insurance premium cuts and exemptions from health and safety supervision are needed.
根据以往研究，韩国引入职业健康与安全管理体系（OHSMS）后，与工作相关的事故率有所下降，但韩国仍发生了几起灾难事件，如2016年在桂溪站地铁工人死亡事件以及2018年泰安热电厂事故，这加剧了社会对安全的需求。2018年，随着ISO45001的发布，OHSMS成为一项国际标准。
进行了一项调查，以研究OHSMS的实施状况以及人们观念的变化，并将结果与过去的一项调查进行比较。
增强的社会需求、各利益相关者（不仅是买方）的需求以及社会责任被视为引入OHSMS的动机，而非法律合规或客户需求。在关于OHSMS实施问题的问卷中，2018年比2004年回应率更高的因素是“成本过高”和“文件管理复杂”。在关于如何在组织中推广OHSMS的问卷中，2004年大多数人回答是“降低工人补偿保险费率”，但2018年大多数人回答是“免于健康与安全监管”。
为有效实施ISO45001，重点在于社会需求、将健康与安全视为管理一部分的培训，以及降低认证和咨询成本以促进OHSMS的引入。需要诸如降低保险费和免于健康与安全监管等激励措施。
