Department of Evolution & Ecology, University of California, Davis, 2320 Storer Hall, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616 USA.
Syst Biol. 2021 Jun 16;70(4):681-693. doi: 10.1093/sysbio/syaa091.
Trade-offs caused by the use of an anatomical apparatus for more than one function are thought to be an important constraint on evolution. However, whether multifunctionality suppresses diversification of biomechanical systems is challenged by recent literature showing that traits more closely tied to trade-offs evolve more rapidly. We contrast the evolutionary dynamics of feeding mechanics and morphology between fishes that exclusively capture prey with suction and multifunctional species that augment this mechanism with biting behaviors to remove attached benthic prey. Diversification of feeding kinematic traits was, on average, over 13.5 times faster in suction feeders, consistent with constraint on biters due to mechanical trade-offs between biting and suction performance. Surprisingly, we found that the evolution of morphology contrasts directly with these differences in kinematic evolution, with significantly faster rates of evolution of head shape in biters. This system provides clear support for an often postulated, but rarely confirmed prediction that multifunctionality stifles functional diversification, while also illustrating the sometimes weak relationship between form and function. [Form-function evolution; geometric morphometrics; kinematic evolution; macroevolution; Ornstein-Uhlenbeck; RevBayes; suction feeding].
由于使用具有多种功能的解剖仪器而产生的权衡被认为是进化的一个重要限制。然而，最近的文献表明，与权衡关系更密切的特征进化得更快，这对多功能性抑制生物力学系统多样化的观点提出了挑战。我们对比了仅通过吸力捕捉猎物的鱼类和通过增加捕食行为来增强这种机制的多功能物种的摄食力学和形态的进化动态，以去除附着的底栖猎物。在吸力捕食者中，摄食运动特征的平均多样化速度快了 13.5 倍以上，这与捕食者由于咬合力和吸力性能之间的机械权衡而受到限制一致。令人惊讶的是，我们发现形态的进化与运动进化的这些差异直接相反，在捕食者中头部形状的进化速度明显更快。这个系统为一个经常被假设但很少被证实的预测提供了明确的支持，即多功能性抑制了功能多样化，同时也说明了形态和功能之间的关系有时很弱。[形态-功能进化；几何形态测量学；运动进化；宏观进化；奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克；RevBayes；吸力摄食]。
