Department Entomology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Nov 2;17(11):e0277102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277102. eCollection 2022.
The correlation between form and function is influenced by biomechanical constraints, natural selection, and ecological interactions. In many species of suction-feeding fishes, jaw shape has shown to be closely associated with diet. However, these correlations have not been tested in fishes that have more complex jaw functions. For example, the neotropical loricariid catfishes possess a ventrally facing oral disk, which allows for the oral jaws to adhere to surfaces to conduct feeding. To determine if jaw shape is correlated to diet type, we assessed oral jaw shape across 36 species using CT scans. Shape was quantified with traditional and automated landmarking in 3DSlicer, and diet type correlation was calculated using the phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) method. We found that traditional and automated processes captured shape effectively when all jaw components were combined. PGLS found that diet type did not correlate to jaw shape; however, there was a correlation between clades with diverse diets and fast evolutionary rates of shape. These results suggest that shape is not constrained to diet type, and that similarly shaped jaws coupled with different types of teeth could allow the fishes to feed on a wide range of materials.
形态与功能的相关性受到生物力学限制、自然选择和生态相互作用的影响。在许多吸食鱼类中，下颚的形状与饮食密切相关。然而，这些相关性尚未在具有更复杂下颚功能的鱼类中得到验证。例如，新热带脂鲤目鲶鱼具有面向下方的口腔盘，这使得口腔下颚能够附着在表面上进行进食。为了确定下颚形状是否与饮食类型相关，我们使用 CT 扫描评估了 36 种鱼类的口腔下颚形状。形状使用 3DSlicer 中的传统和自动标志点进行了量化，使用系统发育广义最小二乘法 (PGLS) 方法计算了饮食类型的相关性。我们发现，当所有下颚成分都组合在一起时，传统和自动处理都可以有效地捕捉形状。PGLS 发现，饮食类型与下颚形状没有相关性；然而，饮食类型多样的进化枝与形状的快速进化率之间存在相关性。这些结果表明，形状不受饮食类型的限制，具有相似形状的下颚加上不同类型的牙齿可以使鱼类能够进食广泛的材料。
