Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1025 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
Nutrients. 2020 Dec 15;12(12):3834. doi: 10.3390/nu12123834.
As food addiction is being more commonly recognized within the scientific community, parallels can be drawn between it and other addictive substance use disorders, including tobacco use disorder. Given that both unhealthy diets and smoking are leading risk factors for disability and death, a greater understanding of how food addiction and tobacco use disorder overlap with one another is necessary. This narrative review aimed to highlight literature that investigated prevalence, biology, psychology, and treatment options of food addiction and tobacco use disorder. Published studies up to August 2020 and written in English were included. Using a biopsychosocial lens, each disorder was assessed together and separately, as there is emerging evidence that the two disorders can develop concurrently or sequentially within individuals. Commonalities include but are not limited to the dopaminergic neurocircuitry, gut microbiota, childhood adversity, and attachment insecurity. In addition, the authors conducted a feasibility study with the purpose of examining the association between food addiction symptoms and tobacco use disorder among individuals seeking tobacco use disorder treatment. To inform future treatment approaches, more research is necessary to identify and understand the overlap between the two disorders.
随着食物成瘾在科学界得到越来越多的认可，可以将其与其他成瘾物质使用障碍（包括烟草使用障碍）进行类比。鉴于不健康的饮食和吸烟都是导致残疾和死亡的主要风险因素，因此有必要更深入地了解食物成瘾和烟草使用障碍之间的相互关系。本综述旨在强调研究食物成瘾和烟草使用障碍的流行率、生物学、心理学和治疗选择的文献。纳入了截至 2020 年 8 月发表的、用英文撰写的研究。使用生物心理社会视角，综合评估了每种障碍，因为有新的证据表明这两种障碍可能在个体中同时或先后发生。共同点包括但不限于多巴胺能神经回路、肠道微生物群、儿童期逆境和依恋不安全感。此外，作者还进行了一项可行性研究，目的是检验寻求烟草使用障碍治疗的个体中食物成瘾症状与烟草使用障碍之间的关联。为了为未来的治疗方法提供信息，有必要进行更多的研究，以确定和理解这两种障碍之间的重叠。
