Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
J Safety Res. 2020 Dec;75:196-204. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2020.09.009. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Powered Two Wheeler (PTW) crashes continue to be a road safety concern with a plateauing of the number of associated fatalities.
Forty one UK fatal or serious injury crashes involving a PTW and another vehicle at a junction were examined. Crash causation was analysed using the Driver Reliability and Error Analysis Method (DREAMv3.2). Crashes were split into two groups: Group A, where the other vehicle was travelling in the opposite direction to the PTW and commenced a right turn across the PTW's path; and Group B where the other vehicle turned right out of a side road (or entrance) across the PTW's path.
Overall, the factor that led directly to the crash (phenotype) was most commonly 'too high speed' or 'too late action' for the motorcyclist and 'too early action' for the other driver. Missed or late observations were contributory factors for both PTW riders and other vehicle drivers. Some differences between groups were observed with the PTW riders in Group B more likely to have 'insufficient skills' and the other vehicle drivers in Group A more likely to have 'attention allocation' as a causation factor. For both groups the crashes occurred because the other vehicle failed to give way to the PTW with causation chains that suggest 'looked but failed to see' is still an issue in this type of crash. The excessive speed of the PTW contributed to some crashes.
This analysis suggests that drivers failing to give way to PTW riders at junctions is still a problem. This may relate to the 'looked but did not see' phenomenon. Causation differences were observed between the examined groups. Practical considerations: The DREAM methodology is an effective tool in analysing crash data from police collision investigation reports. Different countermeasures may be necessary to prevent different types of junction crashes.
两轮机动车（PTW）事故仍然是道路安全的关注点，与之相关的致命事故数量趋于平稳。
研究了 41 起英国致命或重伤的与 PTW 和另一辆车在路口发生的事故。使用驾驶员可靠性和错误分析方法（DREAMv3.2）分析了事故原因。将事故分为两组：A 组，另一辆车与 PTW 相对行驶并开始右转穿过 PTW 的行驶路径；B 组，另一辆车从支路（或入口）右转穿过 PTW 的行驶路径。
总体而言，直接导致事故的因素（表型）最常见的是摩托车手“速度过高”或“行动过晚”，而其他驾驶员“行动过早”。错过或延迟观察是摩托车手和其他车辆驾驶员的共同促成因素。观察到两组之间存在一些差异，B 组的摩托车手更有可能存在“技能不足”，而 A 组的其他车辆驾驶员更有可能存在“注意力分配”作为导致事故的因素。对于两组来说，事故都是因为其他车辆未能给 PTW 让路，导致事故的因果关系表明“看了但没看到”仍然是这类事故中的一个问题。PTW 的超速行驶导致了一些事故。
该分析表明，驾驶员在路口未能给 PTW 骑手让路仍然是一个问题。这可能与“看了但没看到”现象有关。在检查的两组之间观察到了因果关系的差异。实际考虑：DREAM 方法是分析警方碰撞调查报告中事故数据的有效工具。为了防止不同类型的路口事故，可能需要采取不同的对策。
