Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
J Safety Res. 2021 Feb;76:135-145. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2020.12.015. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
The number of road fatalities have been falling throughout the European Union (EU) over the past 20 years and most Member States have achieved an overall reduction. Research has mainly focused on protecting car occupants, with car occupant fatalities reducing significantly. However, recently there has been a plateauing in fatalities amongst 'Vulnerable Road Users' (VRUs), and in 2016 accidents involving VRUs accounted for nearly half of all EU road deaths.
The SaferWheels study collected in-depth data on 500 accidents involving Powered Two-Wheelers (PTWs) and bicycles across six European countries. A standard in-depth accident investigation methodology was used by each team. The Driver Reliability and Error Analysis Method (DREAM) was used to systematically classify accident causation factors.
The most common causal factors related to errors in observation by the PTW/bicycle rider or the driver of the other vehicle, typically called 'looked but failed to see' accidents. Common scenarios involved the other vehicle turning or crossing in front of the PTW/bicycle. A quarter of serious or fatal injuries to PTW riders occurred in accidents where the rider lost control with no other vehicle involvement.
Highly detailed data have been collected for 500 accidents involving PTWs or bicycles in the EU. These data can be further analyzed by researchers on a case-study basis to gain detailed insights on such accidents. Preliminary analysis suggests that 'looked but failed to see' remains a common cause, and in many cases the actions of the other vehicle were the critical factor, though PTW rider speed or inexperience played a role in some cases. Practical Applications: The collected data can be analyzed to better understand the characteristics and causes of accidents involving PTWs and bicycles in the EU. The results can be used to develop policies aimed at reducing road deaths and injuries to VRUs.
在过去的 20 年里，整个欧盟（EU）的道路死亡人数一直在下降，大多数成员国总体上都有所减少。研究主要集中在保护汽车乘客上，汽车乘客的死亡率显著下降。然而，最近“弱势道路使用者”（VRU）的死亡人数趋于平稳，2016 年涉及 VRU 的事故几乎占欧盟所有道路死亡人数的一半。
SaferWheels 研究在六个欧洲国家收集了 500 起涉及助力两轮车（PTW）和自行车的深入事故数据。每个团队都使用了标准的深入事故调查方法。驾驶员可靠性和错误分析方法（DREAM）用于系统地对事故原因进行分类。
最常见的因果因素与 PTW/自行车骑手或另一辆车驾驶员的观察错误有关，通常称为“看了但没看到”事故。常见的场景包括另一辆车转弯或横穿 PTW/自行车前方。四分之一的严重或致命的 PTW 骑手受伤事故发生在骑手失去控制且没有其他车辆参与的情况下。
已经为欧盟涉及 PTW 或自行车的 500 起事故收集了高度详细的数据。研究人员可以进一步对这些数据进行案例研究分析，以获得有关此类事故的详细见解。初步分析表明，“看了但没看到”仍然是一个常见的原因，在许多情况下，另一辆车的行为是关键因素，尽管在某些情况下 PTW 骑手的速度或经验不足也起到了作用。
可以对收集的数据进行分析，以更好地了解欧盟涉及 PTW 和自行车的事故的特点和原因。研究结果可用于制定旨在减少 VRU 道路死亡和伤害的政策。
