Mishra Priyadarshini, Panigrahi Madhuri, Ankit D
Department of Physiology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Ann Neurosci. 2020 Apr;27(2):57-62. doi: 10.1177/0972753120965083. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
Partial sleep deprivation is common among young adults today. Though multiple studies have stressed on the benefits of having a good sleep, medical students often compromise their sleep due to academic targets and stress. This can lead to changes in attention and cognition. The effects of acute partial sleep deprivation of a single night have been studied less and studies in the past in Indian context have shown controversial results that reaction time is decreased following acute partial sleep deprivation.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of a single night of partial sleep deprivation on the cognitive status and alertness of medical students in the Indian context and to find out the change in auditory event-related potential (AERP) and psychomotor vigilance of medical students following a single night of partial sleep deprivation.
The study was a before-after experimental trial conducted among 20 medical student volunteers of a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. Baseline psychomotor vigilance task measured by unprepared serial reaction time, and AERP measured by P300, were assessed at baseline (after normal sleep) and after four hours of sleep deprivation (intervention).
It was seen that median RT had increased from 320.4 ms to 337.6 ms after acute partial sleep deprivation ( < .001). P300 and lapses ( < .05) were also found to increase significantly ( < .05), while there was significant decrease in correctness ( < .01).
The study concluded that cognition is affected, including alertness and latency, following partial sleep deprivation even for a single night and contradicted earlier results of Indian studies stating variable effect on psychomotor vigilance.
如今，部分睡眠剥夺在年轻人中很常见。尽管多项研究强调了良好睡眠的益处，但医学生常常因学业目标和压力而牺牲睡眠。这可能导致注意力和认知的变化。对单次急性部分睡眠剥夺的影响研究较少，过去在印度背景下的研究结果存在争议，表明急性部分睡眠剥夺后反应时间会缩短。
本研究的目的是评估在印度背景下，单次夜间部分睡眠剥夺对医学生认知状态和警觉性的影响，并找出医学生单次夜间部分睡眠剥夺后听觉事件相关电位（AERP）和心理运动警觉性的变化。
该研究是在印度东部一家三级护理医院的20名医学生志愿者中进行的前后实验性试验。通过未准备的连续反应时间测量基线心理运动警觉任务，并在基线（正常睡眠后）和睡眠剥夺4小时后（干预）通过P300测量AERP。
可以看到，急性部分睡眠剥夺后，中位数反应时间从320.4毫秒增加到337.6毫秒（P<0.001）。还发现P300和失误次数也显著增加（P<0.05），而正确率显著降低（P<0.01）。
该研究得出结论，即使是单次夜间部分睡眠剥夺也会影响认知，包括警觉性和反应潜伏期，这与印度早期研究中关于对心理运动警觉性有不同影响的结果相矛盾。
