Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46022, Spain; INTRAS (Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety), University of Valencia, Valencia, 46022, Spain.
Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2313, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Feb;150:105942. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105942. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
As alternative transportation is getting more and more fashionable, and more people worldwide are "shifting" to walking trips, even for their daily commuting, traffic crashes suffered by pedestrians are still a great concern for road safety and public health researchers and practitioners. In this regard, risky or "aberrant" road behaviors have emerged, during the last few years, as a key issue to be considered for crash prevention. Nevertheless, the idea of a "generic pedestrian" is getting re-evaluated, and analyzing key features, such as gender, seems to be crucial for understanding pedestrians' performance and safety outcomes.
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of gender on pedestrians' both deliberate (traffic violations) and undeliberate (errors) risky walking behaviors, considering a set of theoretically based demographic and psychosocial variables as their potential predictors.
For this cross-sectional study, data from 1070 Spanish pedestrians (60 % females and 40 % males, aged between 16 and 79) from the 17 regions of Spain, responding to an electronic questionnaire, were analyzed through a multi-group structural equation modeling (MGSEM) approach.
Although age, handheld device-interaction, and sensation-seeking seem to have a similar effect on the errors and violations reported by both genders (similarities), factors such as risk perception, educational level and the misbehaviors observed in other road users are significant predictors only in the case of male pedestrians. On the other hand, road distractions have been shown to play a significant role in females' errors and violations, while males' road distractions seem to only affect their involuntary risky behaviors.
The findings of this study support the influence of gender in the statistical explanation of both deliberate and undeliberate walking risky road behaviors, also depicting the differential role of certain demographic and psychosocial factors when we compare male and female pedestrians.
随着替代交通方式越来越流行，全球越来越多的人“转向”步行出行，甚至包括他们的日常通勤，行人交通事故仍然是道路安全和公共卫生研究人员和从业者关注的焦点。在这方面，在过去几年中，危险或“异常”的道路行为已成为预防事故的一个关键问题。然而，“普通行人”的概念正在重新评估，分析关键特征，如性别，似乎对于理解行人的表现和安全结果至关重要。
本研究旨在探讨性别对行人故意（违反交通规则）和非故意（失误）冒险行走行为的影响，同时考虑一组基于理论的人口统计学和社会心理变量作为其潜在预测因素。
本横断面研究分析了来自西班牙 17 个地区的 1070 名西班牙行人（60%为女性，40%为男性，年龄在 16 至 79 岁之间）的数据，他们对电子问卷做出了回应。研究采用多组结构方程模型（MGSEM）方法进行分析。
尽管年龄、手持设备交互和寻求刺激似乎对两性报告的失误和违规行为有类似的影响（相似性），但风险感知、教育水平和其他道路使用者的不当行为等因素仅在男性行人中是显著的预测因素。另一方面，道路干扰已被证明对女性的失误和违规行为有重要影响，而男性的道路干扰似乎只影响他们的非自愿冒险行为。
本研究的结果支持性别对故意和非故意行走冒险行为的统计解释的影响，同时也描绘了某些人口统计学和社会心理因素在比较男性和女性行人时的差异作用。
