Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 16;21(24):9587. doi: 10.3390/ijms21249587.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) makes physical contacts with mitochondria at specific sites, and the hubs between the two organelles are called mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). MAMs are known to play key roles in biological processes, such as intracellular Ca regulation, lipid trafficking, and metabolism, as well as cell death, etc. Studies demonstrated that dysregulation of MAMs significantly contributed to insulin resistance. Alterations of MAMs' juxtaposition and integrity, impaired expressions of insulin signaling molecules, disruption of Ca homeostasis, and compromised metabolic flexibility are all actively involved in the above processes. In addition, exercise training is considered as an effective stimulus to ameliorate insulin resistance. Although the underlying mechanisms for exercise-induced improvement in insulin resistance are not fully understood, MAMs may be critical for the beneficial effects of exercise.
内质网（ER）在特定部位与线粒体发生物理接触，两个细胞器之间的连接点称为线粒体相关内质网膜（MAMs）。MAMs 在生物学过程中起着关键作用，如细胞内 Ca 调节、脂质运输和代谢以及细胞死亡等。研究表明，MAMs 的失调显著导致胰岛素抵抗。MAMs 毗邻和完整性的改变、胰岛素信号分子表达受损、Ca 稳态破坏以及代谢灵活性受损都积极参与了上述过程。此外，运动训练被认为是改善胰岛素抵抗的有效刺激。尽管运动引起胰岛素抵抗改善的潜在机制尚不完全清楚，但 MAMs 可能对运动的有益作用至关重要。
