Veerapandiyan Vignaswaran, Benes Federica, Gindel Theresa, Deluca Marco
Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Dec 16;13(24):5742. doi: 10.3390/ma13245742.
Electrical energy storage systems (EESSs) with high energy density and power density are essential for the effective miniaturization of future electronic devices. Among different EESSs available in the market, dielectric capacitors relying on swift electronic and ionic polarization-based mechanisms to store and deliver energy already demonstrate high power densities. However, different intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to energy dissipations prevent ceramic-based dielectric capacitors from reaching high recoverable energy density levels. Interestingly, relaxor ferroelectric-based dielectric capacitors, because of their low remnant polarization, show relatively high energy density and thus display great potential for applications requiring high energy density properties. In this study, some of the main strategies to improve the energy density properties of perovskite lead-free relaxor systems are reviewed, including (i) chemical modification at different crystallographic sites, (ii) chemical additives that do not target lattice sites, and (iii) novel processing approaches dedicated to bulk ceramics, thick and thin films, respectively. Recent advancements are summarized concerning the search for relaxor materials with superior energy density properties and the appropriate choice of both composition and processing routes to match various applications' needs. Finally, future trends in computationally-aided materials design are presented.
具有高能量密度和功率密度的电能存储系统（EESSs）对于未来电子设备的有效小型化至关重要。在市场上现有的不同EESSs中，基于快速电子和离子极化机制来存储和输送能量的介电电容器已经展现出高功率密度。然而，对能量耗散的不同本征和非本征贡献阻碍了陶瓷基介电电容器达到高可恢复能量密度水平。有趣的是，基于弛豫铁电体的介电电容器由于其低剩余极化，显示出相对较高的能量密度，因此在需要高能量密度特性的应用中展现出巨大潜力。在本研究中，综述了一些改善钙钛矿无铅弛豫体系能量密度特性的主要策略，包括：（i）在不同晶体学位点进行化学改性；（ii）不针对晶格位点的化学添加剂；（iii）分别针对块状陶瓷、厚膜和薄膜的新型加工方法。总结了在寻找具有优异能量密度特性的弛豫材料以及选择合适的组成和加工路线以满足各种应用需求方面的最新进展。最后，介绍了计算辅助材料设计的未来趋势。
