Hidalgo Vanesa, Villada Carolina, Salvador Alicia
Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, 44003 Teruel, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Division of Health Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Leon 37670, Mexico.
Brain Sci. 2020 Dec 16;10(12):995. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10120995.
In contrast to the large body of research on the effects of stress-induced cortisol on memory consolidation in young people, far less attention has been devoted to understanding the effects of stress-induced testosterone on this memory phase. This study examined the psychobiological (i.e., anxiety, cortisol, and testosterone) response to the Maastricht Acute Stress Test and its impact on free recall and recognition for emotional and neutral material. Thirty-seven healthy young men and women were exposed to a stress (MAST) or control task post-encoding, and 24 h later, they had to recall the material previously learned. Results indicated that the MAST increased anxiety and cortisol levels, but it did not significantly change the testosterone levels. Post-encoding MAST did not affect memory consolidation for emotional and neutral pictures. Interestingly, however, cortisol reactivity was negatively related to free recall for negative low-arousal pictures, whereas testosterone reactivity was positively related to free recall for negative-high arousal and total pictures. This study provides preliminary evidence about a different reactivity of testosterone and cortisol to the MAST as well as on their effects on consolidation. Our results suggest a different pattern of relationships between these steroid hormones and the arousal of the negative images.
与大量关于应激诱导的皮质醇对年轻人记忆巩固影响的研究相比，对应激诱导的睾酮对这一记忆阶段影响的研究要少得多。本研究考察了对马斯特里赫特急性应激测试的心理生物学（即焦虑、皮质醇和睾酮）反应及其对情绪性和中性材料的自由回忆及再认的影响。37名健康的年轻男性和女性在编码后接受应激（MAST）或对照任务，24小时后，他们必须回忆之前学过的材料。结果表明，MAST增加了焦虑和皮质醇水平，但未显著改变睾酮水平。编码后MAST不影响情绪性和中性图片的记忆巩固。然而，有趣的是，皮质醇反应性与负性低唤醒图片的自由回忆呈负相关，而睾酮反应性与负性高唤醒图片及全部图片的自由回忆呈正相关。本研究提供了关于睾酮和皮质醇对MAST的不同反应及其对巩固影响的初步证据。我们的结果表明了这些类固醇激素与负性图像唤醒之间的不同关系模式。
