Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Feb 1;270:116178. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116178. Epub 2020 Dec 13.
Epidemiological studies have reported association of urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a major metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides (PYRs), with respiratory disease. However, knowledge regarding its effect on pulmonary function in susceptible children is limited. This study aimed to assess the associations between environmental 3-PBA concentrations and pulmonary function in children aged 6-17 years. Using data on 1174 children aged 6-17 years from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012, the exposure to PYRs was assessed by measuring urinary 3-PBA concentrations and pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry. Multivariable linear regression and generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to examine the associations between 3-PBA concentrations and pulmonary function in children, controlling for confounders. We found that 3-PBA concentrations were inversely associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the pediatric population (p-trends < 0.05). When stratified by age (6-10 and 11-17 years) and gender (boys and girls), the adverse effects of PYR exposures on pulmonary function were more pronounced among boys aged 11-17 years. Among this age group, 3-PBA concentrations were negatively associated with FEV, FVC, forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF), and PEF. However, among children aged 6-10 years, no associations were found between 3-PBA concentrations and any of the pulmonary function measures, in either boys or girls. Our findings suggest that environmental PYR exposures may adversely affect children's pulmonary function, with the strongest associations among 11-17 years old boys.
流行病学研究报告称，拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂（PYRs）的主要代谢物尿 3-苯氧基苯甲酸（3-PBA）与呼吸道疾病有关。然而，关于其对易感儿童肺功能的影响的知识有限。本研究旨在评估环境 3-PBA 浓度与 6-17 岁儿童肺功能之间的关系。利用美国国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）2007-2012 年 1174 名 6-17 岁儿童的数据，通过测量尿 3-PBA 浓度评估 PYRs 的暴露情况，并通过肺活量测定法评估肺功能。多变量线性回归和广义线性模型（GLMs）用于检验 3-PBA 浓度与儿童肺功能之间的关系，同时控制混杂因素。我们发现，3-PBA 浓度与儿童群体的 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV）、用力肺活量（FVC）和呼气峰流速（PEF）呈负相关（p 趋势 <0.05）。按年龄（6-10 岁和 11-17 岁）和性别（男孩和女孩）分层时，PYR 暴露对肺功能的不良影响在 11-17 岁男孩中更为明显。在该年龄组中，3-PBA 浓度与 FEV、FVC、用力呼气流量在 FVC 的 25%至 75%之间（FEF）和 PEF 呈负相关。然而，在 6-10 岁儿童中，在男孩或女孩中，均未发现 3-PBA 浓度与任何肺功能指标之间存在关联。我们的研究结果表明，环境中 PYR 的暴露可能会对儿童的肺功能产生不利影响，在 11-17 岁男孩中关联最强。
