Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451, Nancy cedex F-54001, France E-mail:
Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus Bridoux, Rue du Général Delestraint, Metz F-57070, France.
Water Sci Technol. 2020 Dec;82(12):2813-2822. doi: 10.2166/wst.2020.520.
The effect of the lockdown imposed to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in France between March 14 and May 11, 2020 on the wastewater characteristics of two large urban areas (with between 250,000 and 300,000 inhabitants) was studied. The number of outward and inward daily commuters was extracted from national census databases related to the population and their commuting habits. For urban area A, with the larger number of daily inward commuters (110,000, compared to 53,000 for B), lockdown was observed to have an effect on the monthly load averages of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total suspended solids and total phosphorus, all of which decreased (confidence level of 95%). This decrease, which varied between 20% and 40% and reached 45% for COD, can be related to the cessation of catering and activities such as hairdressing, which generate large amounts of graywater. The ammonium loads, due to the use of toilets before leaving for work and after returning from work, remained constant. In the case of urban area B, lockdown had no noticeable effect. More data would be necessary in the long term to analyze the effect of changes in the balance between ammonia and carbon sources on the operation of wastewater treatment plants.
研究了 2020 年 3 月 14 日至 5 月 11 日法国为限制 SARS-CoV-2 传播而实施封锁对两个大城市（人口在 25 万至 30 万之间）污水特性的影响。从与人口及其通勤习惯相关的国家普查数据库中提取了每日外出和返回的通勤者人数。对于人口较多的通勤者（11 万人，而 B 区为 5.3 万人）的 A 城区，封锁对月平均化学需氧量、生化需氧量、总凯氏氮、总悬浮固体和总磷负荷产生了影响（置信水平为 95%）。这种下降幅度在 20%至 40%之间，COD 达到 45%，可归因于餐饮和美发等产生大量灰水的活动停止。由于上班前和下班后使用厕所，铵负荷保持不变。在 B 城区，封锁没有明显影响。从长远来看，还需要更多的数据来分析氨氮和碳源平衡变化对污水处理厂运行的影响。
