Visco Valeria, Ferruzzi Germano Junior, Nicastro Federico, Virtuoso Nicola, Carrizzo Albino, Galasso Gennaro, Vecchione Carmine, Ciccarelli Michele
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.
Cardiology Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2021;28(32):6569-6590. doi: 10.2174/0929867328666201218122633.
In the real world, medical practice is changing hand in hand with the development of new Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and problems from different areas have been successfully solved using AI algorithms. Specifically, the use of AI techniques in setting up or building precision medicine is significant in terms of the accuracy of disease discovery and tailored treatment. Moreover, with the use of technology, clinical personnel can deliver a very much efficient healthcare service.
This article reviews AI state-of-the-art in cardiovascular disease management, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic improvements.
To that end, we conducted a detailed PubMed search on AI application from distinct areas of cardiology: heart failure, arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, syncope and cardiovascular rehabilitation. Particularly, to assess the impact of these technologies in clinical decision-making, this research considers technical and medical aspects.
On one hand, some devices in heart failure, atrial fibrillation and cardiac rehabilitation represent an inexpensive, not invasive or not very invasive approach to long-term surveillance and management in these areas. On the other hand, the availability of large datasets (big data) is a useful tool to predict the development and outcome of many cardiovascular diseases. In summary, with this new guided therapy, the physician can supply prompt, individualised, and tailored treatment and the patients feel safe as they are continuously monitored, with a significant psychological effect.
Soon, tailored patient care via telemonitoring can improve clinical practice because AI-based systems support cardiologists in daily medical activities, improving disease detection and treatment. However, the physician-patient relationship remains a pivotal step.
在现实世界中，医学实践正随着新型人工智能（AI）系统的发展而同步变化，并且来自不同领域的问题已通过AI算法成功解决。具体而言，在建立或构建精准医学方面使用AI技术对于疾病发现的准确性和个性化治疗具有重要意义。此外，借助技术的应用，临床工作人员能够提供效率更高的医疗服务。
本文综述了心血管疾病管理中AI的最新进展，重点关注诊断和治疗方面的改进。
为此，我们在PubMed上对心脏病学不同领域（心力衰竭、动脉高血压、心房颤动、晕厥和心血管康复）的AI应用进行了详细检索。特别是，为了评估这些技术在临床决策中的影响，本研究考虑了技术和医学方面。
一方面，心力衰竭、心房颤动和心脏康复领域的一些设备代表了一种廉价、非侵入性或微创性较小的长期监测和管理方法。另一方面，大型数据集（大数据）的可用性是预测许多心血管疾病发展和转归的有用工具。总之，通过这种新的导向治疗，医生可以提供及时、个性化和量身定制的治疗，患者在接受持续监测时会感到安心，具有显著的心理效应。
很快，通过远程监测实现的个性化患者护理可以改善临床实践，因为基于AI的系统在日常医疗活动中为心脏病专家提供支持，提高疾病检测和治疗水平。然而，医患关系仍然是关键环节。
