Loh Belinda, Chen Jiayuan, Manohar Prasanth, Yu Yunsong, Hua Xiaoting, Leptihn Sebastian
Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Dec 3;11:579802. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.579802. eCollection 2020.
is of major clinical importance as the bacterial pathogen often causes hospital acquired infections, further complicated by the high prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains. Aside from natural tolerance to certain antibiotic classes, resistance is often acquired by the exchange of genetic information via conjugation but also by the high natural competence exhibited by . In addition, bacteriophages are able to introduce resistance genes but also toxins and virulence factors via phage mediated transduction. In this work, we analyzed the complete genomes of 177 strains for the occurrence of prophages, and analyzed their taxonomy, size and positions of insertion. Among all the prophages that were detected, and were the two most commonly found families, while the average genome size was determined to be approximately 4 Mbp. Our data shows the wide variation in the number of prophages in genomes and the prevalence of certain prophages within strains that are most "successful" or potentially beneficial to the host. Our study also revealed that only two specific sites of insertion within the genome of the host bacterium are being used, with few exceptions only. Lastly, we analyzed the existence of genes that are encoded in the prophages, which may confer antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Several phages carry AMR genes, including OXA-23 and NDM-1, illustrating the importance of lysogenic phages in the acquisition of resistance genes.
具有重大临床意义，因为这种细菌病原体常导致医院获得性感染，而抗生素耐药菌株的高流行率使其进一步复杂化。除了对某些抗生素类别的天然耐受性外，耐药性通常通过接合作用进行遗传信息交换而获得，也通过 表现出的高天然感受态获得。此外，噬菌体能够通过噬菌体介导的转导引入耐药基因以及毒素和毒力因子。在这项工作中，我们分析了177株 菌株的完整基因组中前噬菌体的存在情况，并分析了它们的分类学、大小和插入位置。在所有检测到的前噬菌体中， 和 是最常见的两个家族，而平均基因组大小确定约为4 Mbp。我们的数据显示了 基因组中前噬菌体数量的广泛差异以及某些前噬菌体在对宿主最“成功”或可能有益的菌株中的流行情况。我们的研究还表明，宿主细菌基因组中只有两个特定的插入位点被使用，只有少数例外。最后，我们分析了前噬菌体中编码的可能赋予抗菌抗性（AMR）的基因的存在情况。几种噬菌体携带AMR基因，包括OXA - 23和NDM - 1，这说明了溶原性噬菌体在获得耐药基因方面的重要性。
