Liu Shuoran, Cui Shuai, Zhang Xue, Wang Yin, Mi Guohua, Gao Qiang
Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in The Commodity Grain Bases of Jilin Province, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 Dec 4;11:576718. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.576718. eCollection 2020.
As a primary food crop, maize is widely grown around the world. However, the deficiency of essential amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, results in poor nutritional quality of maize. In addition, the protein concentration of maize declines with the increase in yield, which further reduces the nutritional quality. Here, the photosynthesis of leaves, grain amino acid composition, and stoichiometry of N and S are explored. The results show that N and S maintained the redox balance by increasing the content of glutathione in maize leaves, thereby enhancing the photosynthetic rate and maize yield. Simultaneously, the synergy of N and S increased the grain protein concentration and promoted amino acid balance by increasing the cysteine concentration in maize grains. The maize yield, grain protein concentration, and concentration of essential amino acids, such as lysine, tryptophan, and methionine, could be simultaneously increased in the N:S ratio range of 11.0 to 12.0. Overall, the synergy of N and S simultaneously improved the maize yield and nutritional quality by regulating the redox balance of maize leaves and the amino acids balance of grains, which provides a new theoretical basis and practical method for sustainable production of maize.
作为一种主要粮食作物，玉米在全球广泛种植。然而，赖氨酸、色氨酸和蛋氨酸等必需氨基酸的缺乏导致玉米营养品质不佳。此外，玉米的蛋白质含量随产量增加而下降，这进一步降低了营养品质。在此，对叶片光合作用、籽粒氨基酸组成以及氮和硫的化学计量进行了探究。结果表明，氮和硫通过增加玉米叶片中谷胱甘肽的含量来维持氧化还原平衡，从而提高光合速率和玉米产量。同时，氮和硫的协同作用通过增加玉米籽粒中的半胱氨酸浓度来提高籽粒蛋白质含量并促进氨基酸平衡。在氮：硫比例为11.0至12.0的范围内，玉米产量、籽粒蛋白质含量以及赖氨酸、色氨酸和蛋氨酸等必需氨基酸的含量可同时增加。总体而言，氮和硫的协同作用通过调节玉米叶片的氧化还原平衡和籽粒的氨基酸平衡，同时提高了玉米产量和营养品质，为玉米的可持续生产提供了新的理论依据和实用方法。
