美国成年人的处方药使用情况与幻嗅感知

Prescription Medication Use and Phantom Odor Perception Among US Adults.

作者信息

Bainbridge Kathleen E, Byrd-Clark Danita

机构信息

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Silver Spring, MD.

出版信息

Chemosens Percept. 2020 Oct;13(2):152-158. doi: 10.1007/s12078-019-09276-6. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

DOI:10.1007/s12078-019-09276-6

PMID:33343789

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7748072/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Prescription medication use may be associated with phantom odor perception. We evaluated associations between number of prescription medications and their therapeutic class and phantom odor perception among U.S. adults.

METHODS

Data were collected between 2011-2014 as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A complex sampling design resulted in a nationally representative sample of 7,417 adults aged 40 years and older. During an in-home interview, participants were asked whether they had experienced an unpleasant, bad, or burning odor when nothing is there. Prescription medication use was assessed using validation with prescription bottles, when possible.

RESULTS

Almost one quarter (23.3%) of adults uses ≥5 prescription medications. Use of five or more prescription medications is associated with 70% greater odds of phantom odor perception (OR 1.69 (1.09, 2.63)). Among adults 60 years and older, antidiabetic medications, antihyperlipidemic agents, and proton pump inhibitors are associated with 74-88% greater odds of report of phantom odor [OR=1.74 (1.09, 2.77), OR=1.85 (1.22. 2.80), and OR=1.88 (1.15, 3.07)], respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Phantom odor perception may be a side effect of antidiabetic or antihyperlipidemic agents. Among people taking proton pump inhibitors, phantom odors may also be a consequence of gastric gas reflux.

IMPLICATIONS

Common prescription medications may be providing an olfactory stimulus.

摘要

引言

使用处方药可能与幻嗅感知有关。我们评估了美国成年人使用处方药的数量及其治疗类别与幻嗅感知之间的关联。

方法

作为国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的一部分，于2011年至2014年收集数据。复杂的抽样设计产生了一个具有全国代表性的7417名40岁及以上成年人的样本。在一次家庭访谈中，参与者被问及在没有任何东西的情况下是否经历过不愉快、难闻或灼臭的气味。如有可能，通过核对药瓶来评估处方药的使用情况。

结果

近四分之一（23.3%）的成年人使用≥5种处方药。使用五种或更多种处方药与幻嗅感知几率高70%相关（比值比1.69（1.09，2.63））。在60岁及以上的成年人中，抗糖尿病药物、抗高脂血症药物和质子泵抑制剂与幻嗅报告几率分别高74 - 88%相关[比值比=1.74（1.09，2.77），比值比=1.85（1.22，2.80），比值比=1.88（1.15，3.07）]。