Huang Qian, Lei Yanna, Li Xiaoying, Guo Fukun, Liu Ming
Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Dec 4;8:580140. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.580140. eCollection 2020.
In recent years, as our understanding of tumor immunology is continuously improved, immunotherapy has come to the center stage of cancer therapy and is deemed as the most promising approach for cancer control. Although immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has achieved a milestone in several types of tumors, the majority of cancer patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. The dismal outcome of cancer immunotherapy is mainly due to primary or acquired resistance arising from tumor immune evasion. Exploring the mechanisms of tumor immune evasion in the course of immunotherapy may identify biological targets to conquer tumor resistance to immunotherapy. In this review, we highlight tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors that may underlie tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blockers. Targeting these factors in combination with immune checkpoint blockers points to the future direction of cancer immunotherapy.
近年来，随着我们对肿瘤免疫学的认识不断提高，免疫疗法已成为癌症治疗的核心，并被视为控制癌症最有前景的方法。尽管免疫疗法，尤其是免疫检查点阻断（ICB）在几种类型的肿瘤治疗中取得了里程碑式的进展，但大多数癌症患者并未从免疫疗法中获益。癌症免疫疗法令人沮丧的结果主要是由于肿瘤免疫逃逸产生的原发性或获得性耐药。在免疫治疗过程中探索肿瘤免疫逃逸的机制可能会识别出克服肿瘤对免疫治疗耐药性的生物学靶点。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了可能导致肿瘤对免疫检查点阻滞剂耐药的肿瘤细胞内在和外在因素。将这些因素与免疫检查点阻滞剂联合靶向治疗指明了癌症免疫治疗的未来方向。
