Institute for Sport Science, Division of Physiology, Innsbruck University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Neurovascular Health Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Exp Physiol. 2021 Feb;106(2):377-384. doi: 10.1113/EP089194. Epub 2020 Dec 20.
What is the topic of the review? Sympathoexcitation and sympathetic control of blood pressure at high altitude. What advances does it highlight? Sustained sympathoexcitation is fundamental to integrative control of blood pressure in humans exposed to chronic hypoxia. The largest gaps in current knowledge are in understanding the complex mechanisms by which central sympathetic outflow is regulated at high altitude.
High altitude (HA) hypoxia is a potent activator of the sympathetic nervous system, eliciting increases in sympathetic vasomotor activity. Microneurographic evidence of HA sympathoexcitation dates back to the late 20th century, yet only recently have the characteristics and underpinning mechanisms been explored in detail. This review summarises recent findings and highlights the importance of HA sympathoexcitation for the regulation of blood pressure in lowlanders and indigenous highlanders. In addition, this review identifies gaps in our knowledge and corresponding avenues for future study.
这篇综述的主题是什么？高海拔环境下的交感兴奋和血压的交感控制。它强调了哪些进展？在人类暴露于慢性低氧环境中，持续的交感兴奋是血压综合控制的基础。目前知识的最大空白是理解高海拔环境下中枢交感传出如何调节的复杂机制。
高海拔（HA）低氧是交感神经系统的强效激活剂，引起交感血管运动活性增加。HA 交感兴奋的微神经记录可以追溯到 20 世纪后期，但直到最近才详细探讨了其特征和潜在机制。本综述总结了最近的发现，并强调了 HA 交感兴奋对低地居民和高原原住民血压调节的重要性。此外，本综述还确定了我们知识中的空白，并提出了相应的未来研究方向。
