Lund University, Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Malmö, Sweden.
Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Neuherberg, Germany.
Radiat Res. 2021 Mar 1;195(3):253-264. doi: 10.1667/RADE-20-00243.1.
With the use of ionizing radiation comes the risk of accidents and malevolent misuse. When unplanned exposures occur, there are several methods which can be used to retrospectively reconstruct individual radiation exposures; biological methods include analysis of aberrations and damage of chromosomes and DNA, while physical methods rely on luminescence (TL/OSL) or EPR signals. To ensure the quality and dependability of these methods, they should be evaluated under realistic exposure conditions. In 2019, EURADOS Working Group 10 and RENEB organized a field test with the purpose of evaluating retrospective dosimetry methods as carried out in potential real-life exposure scenarios. A 1.36 TBq 192Ir source was used to irradiate anthropomorphic phantoms in different geometries at doses of several Gy in an outdoor open-air geometry. Materials intended for accident dosimetry (including mobile phones and blood) were placed on the phantoms together with reference dosimeters (LiF, NaCl, glass). The objective was to estimate radiation exposures received by individuals as measured using blood and fortuitous materials, and to evaluate these methods by comparing the estimated doses to reference measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. Herein we describe the overall planning, goals, execution and preliminary outcomes of the 2019 field test. Such field tests are essential for the development of new and existing methods. The outputs from this field test include useful experience in terms of planning and execution of future exercises, with respect to time management, radiation protection, and reference dosimetry to be considered to obtain relevant data for analysis.
使用电离辐射会带来事故和恶意滥用的风险。当发生非计划暴露时，有几种方法可以用于回顾性地重建个体辐射暴露；生物方法包括分析染色体和 DNA 的畸变和损伤，而物理方法则依赖于发光（TL/OSL）或 EPR 信号。为了确保这些方法的质量和可靠性，应在现实暴露条件下对其进行评估。2019 年，EURADOS 工作组 10 和 RENEB 组织了一次现场测试，目的是评估在潜在的实际暴露情况下进行的回顾性剂量测定方法。使用 1.36TBq 的 192Ir 源在户外露天几何形状下以几 Gy 的剂量辐照不同几何形状的人体模型。与参考剂量计（LiF、NaCl、玻璃）一起将用于事故剂量测定的材料（包括移动电话和血液）放置在人体模型上。目的是估计个人通过血液和偶然材料测量的辐射暴露，并通过将估计剂量与参考测量值和蒙特卡罗模拟进行比较来评估这些方法。本文描述了 2019 年现场测试的总体计划、目标、执行情况和初步结果。此类现场测试对于新方法和现有方法的发展至关重要。该现场测试的结果包括在规划和执行未来演习方面的有用经验，涉及时间管理、辐射防护和参考剂量学，以获取用于分析的相关数据。
