Department of Food Science and Technology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Feb 1;169:352-361. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.114. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Lemon waste after industrial juice extraction encompasses of valuable bio-components that stimulated the development of novel and biodegradable films. Lemon waste powder (LWP) based nanobiocomposite films were prepared by incorporating different concentrations of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) (3 and 6% w/w) and savory essential oil (SEO) (1.5 and 3% w/w) in order to modify physical, mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the films. The fabricated film samples were characterized in terms of FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM and DSC analyses as well as mechanical, water vapor permeability and antimicrobial properties. FTIR and FE-SEM results indicated a good compatibility between LWP matrix and incorporated CNF and SEO. Physical and thermal analysis showed a significant effect of incorporating SEO and CNF on enhancing glass transition temperature, tensile strength and water barrier properties of the film samples. SEM analysis revealed non-uniform dispersion of CNF at higher concentration, while SEO incorporation improved the structure of the films. In addition, the LWP based films significantly showed antimicrobial properties against five food borne pathogens and this effect improved considerably by elevating the SEO loading concentration. In conclusion, LWP based nanobiocomposite films containing 3% CNF and 3% SEO could be introduced as a good candidate for development of active food packaging.
柠檬加工后的废料中含有有价值的生物成分，这些成分刺激了新型可生物降解薄膜的发展。通过在柠檬废料粉末（LWP）基纳米生物复合材料中添加不同浓度的纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）（3%和 6%w/w）和马郁兰精油（SEO）（1.5%和 3%w/w），以改善薄膜的物理、机械和抗菌性能。对制备的薄膜样品进行了傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X 射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）和差示扫描量热分析（DSC）以及机械性能、水蒸气透过性和抗菌性能的分析。FTIR 和 FE-SEM 结果表明，LWP 基质与掺入的 CNF 和 SEO 之间具有良好的相容性。物理和热分析表明，掺入 SEO 和 CNF 对提高薄膜样品的玻璃化转变温度、拉伸强度和水阻隔性能有显著影响。SEM 分析表明，较高浓度下 CNF 的分散不均匀，而 SEO 的掺入改善了薄膜的结构。此外，基于 LWP 的薄膜对五种食源性病原体表现出显著的抗菌性能，并且通过提高 SEO 负载浓度，这种效果得到了显著提高。综上所述，含有 3%CNF 和 3%SEO 的 LWP 基纳米生物复合材料可以作为开发活性食品包装的良好候选材料。
