Álvarez-Mena Ana, Cámara-Almirón Jesús, de Vicente Antonio, Romero Diego
Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora"-Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Bulevar Louis Pasteur, 31 (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), 29071 Malaga, Spain.
Microorganisms. 2020 Dec 17;8(12):2020. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8122020.
Since they were discovered, amyloids have proven to be versatile proteins able to participate in a variety of cellular functions across all kingdoms of life. This multitask trait seems to reside in their ability to coexist as monomers, aggregates or fibrillar entities, with morphological and biochemical peculiarities. It is precisely this common molecular behaviour that allows amyloids to cross react with one another, triggering heterologous aggregation. In bacteria, many of these functional amyloids are devoted to the assembly of biofilms by organizing the matrix scaffold that keeps cells together. However, consistent with their notion of multifunctional proteins, functional amyloids participate in other biological roles within the same organisms, and emerging unprecedented functions are being discovered. In this review, we focus on functional amyloids reported in gram-positive bacteria, which are diverse in their assembly mechanisms and remarkably specific in their biological functions that they perform. Finally, we consider cross-seeding between functional amyloids as an emerging theme in interspecies interactions that contributes to the diversification of bacterial biology.
自被发现以来，淀粉样蛋白已被证明是多功能蛋白质，能够参与生命各王国的各种细胞功能。这种多任务特性似乎在于它们能够以单体、聚集体或纤维状实体的形式共存，具有形态和生化特性。正是这种共同的分子行为使得淀粉样蛋白能够相互交叉反应，引发异源聚集。在细菌中，许多这些功能性淀粉样蛋白通过组织将细胞聚集在一起的基质支架来致力于生物膜的组装。然而，与它们作为多功能蛋白质的概念一致，功能性淀粉样蛋白在同一生物体中还参与其他生物学作用，并且正在发现前所未有的功能。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注革兰氏阳性菌中报道的功能性淀粉样蛋白，它们的组装机制多样，所执行的生物学功能非常特异。最后，我们将功能性淀粉样蛋白之间的交叉播种视为种间相互作用中一个新兴的主题，它有助于细菌生物学的多样化。
