Vidal Arnau, Mengelers Marcel, Yang Shupeng, De Saeger Sarah, De Boevre Marthe
Laboratory of Food Analysis, Dept. of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent Univ., Ghent, Belgium.
Dept. of Food Safety, National Inst. of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2018 Sep;17(5):1127-1155. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12367. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
To date, the use of biomarkers has become generally accepted. Biomarker-driven research has been proposed as a successful method to assess the exposure to xenobiotics by using concentrations of the parent compounds and/or metabolites in biological matrices such as urine or blood. However, the identification and validation of biomarkers of exposure remain a challenge. Recent advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry along with new analytical (post-acquisition data-mining) techniques will improve the quality and output of the biomarker identification process. Chronic or even acute exposure to mycotoxins remains a daily fact, and therefore it is crucial that the mycotoxins' metabolism is unravelled so more knowledge on biomarkers in humans and animals is acquired. This review aims to provide the scientific community with a comprehensive overview of reported in vitro and in vivo mycotoxin metabolism studies in relation to biomarkers of exposure for deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, fusarenon-X, T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, ochratoxin A, citrinin, fumonisins, zearalenone, aflatoxins, and sterigmatocystin.
迄今为止，生物标志物的使用已被广泛接受。生物标志物驱动的研究已被提议作为一种通过检测生物基质（如尿液或血液）中母体化合物和/或代谢物的浓度来评估外源性物质暴露的成功方法。然而，暴露生物标志物的识别和验证仍然是一项挑战。高分辨率质谱技术的最新进展以及新的分析（采集后数据挖掘）技术将提高生物标志物识别过程的质量和产出。长期甚至急性接触霉菌毒素仍是日常现实，因此，弄清楚霉菌毒素的代谢过程，从而获取更多关于人和动物生物标志物的知识至关重要。本综述旨在为科学界提供一份关于已报道的体外和体内霉菌毒素代谢研究的全面概述，这些研究涉及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、镰刀菌烯酮-X、T-2毒素、二乙酰氧基雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、赭曲霉毒素A、桔青霉素、伏马菌素、玉米赤霉烯酮、黄曲霉毒素和杂色曲霉素的暴露生物标志物。
