Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia.
J Insect Sci. 2024 May 1;24(3). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae052.
The mealworm Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) feeds on wheat bran and is considered both a pest and an edible insect. Its larvae contain proteins and essential amino acids, fats, and minerals, making them suitable for animal and human consumption. Zearalenone (ZEA) is the mycotoxin most commonly associated with Fusarium spp. It is found in cereals and cereal products, so their consumption is a major risk for mycotoxin contamination. One of the most important effects of ZEA is the induction of oxidative stress, which leads to physiological and behavioral changes. This study deals with the effects of high doses of ZEA (10 and 20 mg/kg) on survival, molting, growth, weight gain, activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and locomotion of mealworm larvae. Both doses of ZEA were found to (i) have no effect on survival, (ii) increase molting frequency, SOD, and GST activity, and (iii) decrease body weight and locomotion, with more pronounced changes at 20 mg/kg. These results indicated the susceptibility of T. molitor larvae to high doses of ZEA in feed.
黄粉虫 Tenebrio molitor L.（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）以麦麸为食，既是害虫又是可食用昆虫。其幼虫含有蛋白质和必需氨基酸、脂肪和矿物质，适合动物和人类食用。玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）是与镰刀菌属最相关的霉菌毒素。它存在于谷物和谷物产品中，因此它们的消费是霉菌毒素污染的主要风险。ZEA 的最重要影响之一是诱导氧化应激，导致生理和行为变化。本研究研究了高剂量 ZEA（10 和 20 mg/kg）对黄粉虫幼虫存活率、蜕皮、生长、体重增加、抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）活性以及运动的影响。这两种剂量的 ZEA 均未（i）影响存活率，（ii）增加蜕皮频率、SOD 和 GST 活性，（iii）降低体重和运动，在 20 mg/kg 时变化更明显。这些结果表明黄粉虫幼虫对饲料中高剂量 ZEA 的敏感性。
