Karcıoğlu Oğuz, Yüksel Aycan, Baha Ayşe, Er Aslıhan Banu, Esendağlı Dorina, Gülhan Pınar Yıldız, Karaoğlanoğlu Selen, Erçelik Merve, Şerifoğlu İrem, Yıldız Ethem, Köktürk Nurdan
Clinic of Chest Diseases, Çubuk Halil Şıvgın State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Chest Diseases, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Turk Thorac J. 2020 Nov;21(6):409-418. doi: 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20069. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Since the first case was diagnosed in China, the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has become the number one issue in the world and it seems to remain trend-topic for a long time. Until 17 April, it affected 210 countries, infected over 2 million people and caused approximately 150000 deaths. Although the course of the disease ranges from asymptomatic state to severe ARDS; the majority of patients reveal only mild symptoms. Though adults are the most commonly affected group; it can also be seen in newborns and elderly patients. Unfortunately, elderly patients are the most vulnerable group with higher mortality. Elderly patients, smokers and patients with comorbid conditions are most affected by the disease. In certain diagnostical tool is the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) test. However, it can be resulted in false-negative results and in this case the computed thorax tomography (CT) is one of the most important tools with high sensitivity. Besides the supportive treatment, most commonly used agents are immunomodulatory drugs such as plaquenil and azitromycin, and anti-virals including oseltamivir, ritonavir-lopinavir, favipiravir. Until a vaccine or a specific therapy invented, the most important intervention to control the disease is to fight against transmission. This is a real war and the doctors are the soldiers.
自中国首例病例被确诊以来,新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)已成为全球头号问题,而且似乎在很长一段时间内都将是热门话题。截至4月17日,它已影响210个国家,感染人数超过200万,造成约15万人死亡。尽管该疾病的病程从无症状状态到严重急性呼吸窘迫综合征不等,但大多数患者仅表现出轻微症状。虽然成年人是最常受影响的群体,但在新生儿和老年患者中也可见到。不幸的是,老年患者是最脆弱的群体,死亡率较高。老年患者、吸烟者和患有合并症的患者受该疾病影响最大。某种诊断工具是实时逆转录聚合酶链反应(实时RT-PCR)检测。然而,它可能会产生假阴性结果,在这种情况下,胸部计算机断层扫描(CT)是最重要的高灵敏度工具之一。除了支持性治疗外,最常用的药物是免疫调节药物,如羟氯喹和阿奇霉素,以及抗病毒药物,包括奥司他韦、洛匹那韦利托那韦、法匹拉韦。在发明疫苗或特异性疗法之前,控制该疾病的最重要干预措施是抗击传播。这是一场真正的战争,医生就是战士。