IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20122 Milano, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 19;17(24):9533. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17249533.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D'Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student's -test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired -test.
Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected.
The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.
本研究旨在评估在 COVID-19 大流行导致的居家隔离这一特殊情况下，为期六个月的家庭抗阻训练计划对健康老年人肌肉健康和身体表现的影响。
这是一项随机对照研究，招募了被分配到实验组（EXE）或对照组（CON）进行六个月运动处方的老年参与者。在开始（PRE）和 6 个月后（POST），通过双能 X 射线吸收法和磁共振成像评估参与者的肌肉力量、平衡、步态评估和身体成分。使用 D'Agostino 和 Pearson 检验检查数据的正态分布，通过配对学生 t 检验评估 PRE 和 POST 之间的变化，通过非配对 t 检验评估 POST 时组间的百分比和绝对变化。
最终有 9 名参与者纳入最终分析：EXE，n = 5（年龄：66 ± 4；BMI：27.5 ± 3.7）和 CON，n = 4（年龄：71 ± 9；BMI：24.2 ± 4.1）。仅在 EXE 组中观察到 PRE 到 POST 的显著变化，包括坐立测试（+19.8%，p = 0.048，ES：1.0，中等）和总脂肪量（+5.0%，p = 0.035，ES：1.4，大），但两组间无差异。此外，EXE 在 POST 时的大腿 CSA 值明显高于 CON（14.138 ± 2977 与 9039 ± 1015，p = 0.0178，ES = 1.7）。未发现其他组内和组间差异。
在 COVID-19 爆发导致的居家隔离期间，家庭抗阻训练计划仅导致下肢肌肉力量的组内改善，但对老年人的肌肉质量和组成没有影响。居家隔离可能部分解释了由于日常 PA 减少和饮食模式改变导致的全身脂肪增加。
