Núñez-Acurio Daniela, Bravo Denisse, Aguayo Francisco
Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile.
Laboratory of Oncovirology, Virology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
Pathogens. 2020 Dec 18;9(12):1059. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9121059.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer. Its development has been associated with diverse factors such as tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. In addition, it has been suggested that microorganisms are risk factors for oral carcinogenesis. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which establishes lifelong persistent infections and is intermittently shed in the saliva, has been associated with several lymphomas and carcinomas that arise in the oral cavity. In particular, it has been detected in a subset of OSCCs. Moreover, its presence in patients with periodontitis has also been described. () is an oral bacterium in the development of periodontal diseases. As a keystone pathogen of periodontitis, is known not only to damage local periodontal tissues but also to evade the host immune system and eventually affect systemic health. Persistent exposure to promotes tumorigenic properties of oral epithelial cells, suggesting that chronic infection is a potential risk factor for OSCC. Given that the oral cavity serves as the main site where EBV and are harbored, and because of their oncogenic potential, we review here the current information about the participation of these microorganisms in oral carcinogenesis, describe the mechanisms by which EBV and independently or synergistically can collaborate, and propose a model of interaction between both microorganisms.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见的口腔癌类型。其发展与多种因素有关，如吸烟和饮酒。此外，有研究表明微生物是口腔致癌的危险因素。爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）可建立终身持续性感染，并间歇性地从唾液中排出，它与口腔中出现的几种淋巴瘤和癌有关。特别是，在一部分OSCC中检测到了它。此外，也有研究描述了它在牙周炎患者中的存在情况。（）是牙周疾病发展过程中的一种口腔细菌。作为牙周炎的关键病原体，（）不仅已知会损害局部牙周组织，还能逃避宿主免疫系统并最终影响全身健康。持续接触（）可促进口腔上皮细胞的致瘤特性，这表明慢性（）感染是OSCC的一个潜在危险因素。鉴于口腔是EBV和（）的主要寄居部位，且由于它们的致癌潜力，我们在此综述了关于这些微生物参与口腔致癌作用的当前信息，描述了EBV和（）独立或协同作用的机制，并提出了两种微生物之间相互作用的模型。
