水果和蔬菜摄入与社区居住老年人衰弱前期和衰弱的发生：英国老龄化纵向研究。
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Incident Prefrailty and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.
机构信息
Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
Department of Research, Dr. AGA Clinic, Tokyo 105-0004, Japan.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2020 Dec 18;12(12):3882. doi: 10.3390/nu12123882.
BACKGROUND
There is limited evidence in the literature regarding associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of frailty.
OBJECTIVE
To examine associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of incident frailty and incident prefrailty/frailty.
DESIGN
A prospective panel study.
SETTING AND SUBJECTS
2634 non-frail community-dwelling men and women aged 60 years or older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA).
METHODS
Fruit and vegetable consumption/day was measured using a self-completion questionnaire at baseline. Frailty status was measured at baseline and follow-up was based on modified frailty phenotype criteria. Four-year incident frailty was examined among 2634 robust or prefrail participants, and incident prefrailty/frailty was measured among 1577 robust participants.
RESULTS
Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, and other confounders showed that fruit and vegetable consumption was not associated with incident frailty risks among robust or prefrail participants. However, robust participants consuming 5-7.5 portions of 80 g per day (odds ratio (OR) = 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.37-0.85, < 0.01) and 7.5-10 portions per day (OR = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.27-0.77, < 0.01) had significantly lower risk of incident prefrailty/frailty compared with those consuming 0-2.5 portions/day, whereas those consuming 10 or more portions/day did not (OR = 1.10, 95%CI = 0.54-2.26, = 0.79). Analysis repeated with fruit and vegetable separately showed overall similar results.
CONCLUSIONS
Robust older adults without frailty who eat current U.K. government recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption (5-10 portions/day) had significantly reduced risks of incident prefrailty/frailty compared with those who only eat small amount (0-2.5 portions/day). Older people can be advised that eating sufficient amounts of fruit and vegetable may be beneficial for frailty prevention.
背景
关于水果和蔬菜摄入与虚弱风险之间的关联，文献中的证据有限。
目的
研究水果和蔬菜摄入与虚弱发生风险和虚弱前期/虚弱的发生风险之间的关联。
设计
前瞻性面板研究。
设置和参与者
来自英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA）的 2634 名年龄在 60 岁或以上、无虚弱的社区居住的男女。
方法
基线时使用自我完成的问卷测量水果和蔬菜的每日摄入量。在基线和随访时使用改良的虚弱表型标准测量虚弱状态。在 2634 名健康或虚弱前期参与者中检查 4 年的虚弱发生情况，在 1577 名健康参与者中测量虚弱前期/虚弱的发生情况。
结果
调整年龄、性别和其他混杂因素的多变量逻辑回归模型显示，水果和蔬菜的摄入与健康或虚弱前期参与者的虚弱发生风险无关。然而，每天摄入 5-7.5 份 80 克的健康参与者（比值比（OR）=0.56，95%置信区间（CI）=0.37-0.85， < 0.01）和每天摄入 7.5-10 份的健康参与者（OR = 0.46，95%CI = 0.27-0.77， < 0.01）发生虚弱前期/虚弱的风险显著低于每天摄入 0-2.5 份的参与者，而每天摄入 10 份或更多的参与者则没有（OR = 1.10，95%CI = 0.54-2.26， = 0.79）。单独分析水果和蔬菜时得到了总体相似的结果。
结论
没有虚弱的健康老年成年人如果遵循英国目前的水果和蔬菜摄入量建议（5-10 份/天），与仅摄入少量（0-2.5 份/天）的人相比，虚弱前期/虚弱的发生风险显著降低。可以建议老年人摄入足够的水果和蔬菜可能有益于预防虚弱。
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