Giami Alain
c/o Soins psychiatrie, Elsevier Masson, 65 rue Camille-Desmoulins, 92442 Issy-les-Moulineaux cedex, France.
Soins Psychiatr. 2020 Sep-Oct;41(330):12-16. doi: 10.1016/S0241-6972(20)30100-6.
The "total institutions" described by Erving Goffman have always functioned, particularly in psychiatry, in accordance with internal rules organising directly or indirectly the sex life of the patients. Sexual relations were limited, banned and even sanctioned. The evolution of psychiatric hospitals changed views and sexual practices. The circular of 15 March 1960 introduced mixed-gender wards in hospitals. Homosexuality, hitherto tolerated, particularly in women's units, made way for heterosexual relationships which became a concern for caregivers. In 2013, a judgement issued by the Bordeaux administrative court of appeal against a psychiatric unit brought the debate back into focus. It raised the question of fundamental liberties and human rights.
欧文·戈夫曼所描述的“全控机构”一直发挥着作用，尤其是在精神病学领域，它依据直接或间接组织患者性生活的内部规则运行。性关系受到限制、被禁止甚至受到制裁。精神病医院的发展改变了观念和性行为方式。1960年3月15日的通知在医院引入了男女混合病房。此前一直被容忍的同性恋行为，尤其是在女性病房，为异性恋关系让路，而异性关系成为了护理人员关注的问题。2013年，波尔多行政上诉法院对一个精神病科室做出的一项判决使这场辩论再次成为焦点。它引发了基本自由和人权的问题。
