Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100081, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Dec 3;2020:8837893. doi: 10.1155/2020/8837893. eCollection 2020.
Mitochondria are the main organelles that produce adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in eukaryotic cells and meanwhile susceptible to oxidative damage. The irreversible oxidative damage in mitochondria has been implicated in various human diseases. Increasing evidence indicates the therapeutic potential of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs) for oxidative damage-associated diseases. In this article, we introduce the advantageous properties of MTAs compared with the conventional (nontargeted) ones, review different mitochondria-targeted delivery systems and antioxidants, and summarize their experimental results for various disease treatments in different animal models and clinical trials. The combined evidence demonstrates that mitochondrial redox homeostasis is a potential target for disease treatment. Meanwhile, the limitations and prospects for exploiting MTAs are discussed, which might pave ways for further trial design and drug development.
线粒体是真核细胞中产生腺嘌呤核苷 5'-三磷酸（ATP）和活性氧（ROS）的主要细胞器，同时易受氧化损伤。线粒体中不可逆的氧化损伤与各种人类疾病有关。越来越多的证据表明，靶向线粒体的抗氧化剂（MTAs）对于氧化损伤相关疾病具有治疗潜力。本文介绍了 MTAs 与传统（非靶向）抗氧化剂相比的优势特性，综述了不同的线粒体靶向递药系统和抗氧化剂，并总结了它们在不同动物模型和临床试验中治疗各种疾病的实验结果。综合证据表明，线粒体氧化还原稳态是疾病治疗的一个潜在靶点。同时，还讨论了利用 MTAs 的局限性和前景，这可能为进一步的试验设计和药物开发铺平道路。
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