The Miriam Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, RI, USA.
Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Behav Med. 2021 Apr;44(2):270-276. doi: 10.1007/s10865-020-00166-x. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Women perform less physical activity (PA) than men, and this gap widens during college. This study examined college women's daily PA intentions and behavior, and whether social support or social comparison orientation (SCO) moderated the PA intention-behavior relation. College women (N = 80) completed measures of social support and SCO at baseline. For seven consecutive days, participants completed an electronic survey to assess PA intentions and wore an activity monitor to assess minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Results indicated that intended and performed MVPA minutes were weakly related (p = 0.17, sr = 0.16). Social support did not moderate the intention-behavior relation, but SCO did (p = 0.04, sr = 0.21). Participants with stronger (vs. weaker) SCO, particularly a tendency to compare downward (i.e., to worse-off others), showed smaller discrepancies between intended and completed MVPA. College women frequently fail to achieve PA goals, but stronger tendencies to make (downward) social comparisons may minimize this gap and be a target for intervention.
女性的身体活动（PA）量低于男性，而这种差距在大学期间会扩大。本研究考察了大学女生的日常 PA 意图和行为，以及社会支持或社会比较倾向（SCO）是否调节了 PA 意图-行为关系。80 名大学女生在基线时完成了社会支持和 SCO 的测量。在连续七天的时间里，参与者完成了一份电子调查，以评估 PA 意图，并佩戴活动监测器来评估中等至剧烈强度体力活动（MVPA）的分钟数。结果表明，意图和实际进行的 MVPA 分钟数之间存在微弱的相关性（p=0.17，sr=0.16）。社会支持并没有调节意图-行为关系，但 SCO 确实起到了调节作用（p=0.04，sr=0.21）。与 SCO 较弱的参与者相比（与较弱的参与者相比），SCO 较强的参与者，特别是倾向于向下比较（即与更差的他人相比），其意图和实际进行的 MVPA 之间的差异较小。大学女生经常无法实现 PA 目标，但更强的（向下的）社会比较倾向可能会缩小这一差距，成为干预的目标。
