Arigo Danielle, Hevel Derek, Bittel Kelsey, Maher Jaclyn P
Department of Psychology, Rowan University.
Department of Family Medicine, Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2022 May;60. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102138. Epub 2022 Jan 24.
Engaging in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) is important for protecting cardiovascular health among women in midlife (i.e., ages 40-60), particularly if they have already developed conditions that increase their risk for cardiovascular disease (e.g., hypertension). Although the gap between MVPA intentions and behavior is well documented in other populations, little is known about the intention-behavior gap in this at-risk group - particularly as it plays a role in daily life. The present study employed an ecological momentary assessment design to examine the relation between women's MVPA intentions and behavior in the subsequent 3 hours, as well as momentary moderators of this relation (i.e., affective states and body satisfaction). Surveys sent to women's smartphones 5 times per day for 10 days while they wore ActiGraph GT3X waistband accelerometers. Women achieved their exercise intentions at only 13% of occasions on which they set intentions. Although the most common intended exercise was walking, women engaged in more minutes of MVPA after setting intentions to do yoga or Pilates than any other type of exercise ( = 0.25). Multilevel models showed a modest within-person relation between minutes of intended MVPA and observed MVPA in the next 3 hours ( = 0.20). This relation was moderated within-person by the reported extent of positive affect (particularly contentment) and body satisfaction (s = 0.35 and 0.28, respectively). Findings extend knowledge about the physical activity intention-behavior gap to an at-risk population of women and identify positive affect and body satisfaction as potential contextual influences for this group, which could inform improvements to existing interventions (e.g., delivering intervention content at times with lower-than-usual body satisfaction).
进行中等至剧烈强度的体育活动（MVPA）对于保护中年女性（即40 - 60岁）的心血管健康很重要，特别是如果她们已经患有增加心血管疾病风险的疾病（例如高血压）。尽管在其他人群中，MVPA意图与行为之间的差距已有充分记录，但对于这个高危群体中的意图 - 行为差距却知之甚少——尤其是它在日常生活中所起的作用。本研究采用生态瞬时评估设计，以检验女性MVPA意图与随后3小时内行为之间的关系，以及这种关系的瞬时调节因素（即情感状态和身体满意度）。在女性佩戴ActiGraph GT3X腰带式加速度计的10天时间里，每天向她们的智能手机发送5次调查问卷。女性在设定意图的场合中，只有13%实现了她们的锻炼意图。尽管最常见的预期锻炼是步行，但女性在设定做瑜伽或普拉提的意图后，进行MVPA的分钟数比其他任何类型的锻炼都多（= 0.25）。多层次模型显示，预期MVPA分钟数与接下来3小时内观察到的MVPA之间存在适度的个体内关系（= 0.20）。这种关系在个体内受到报告的积极情绪（特别是满足感）程度和身体满意度的调节（分别为s = 0.35和0.28）。研究结果将关于体育活动意图 - 行为差距的知识扩展到了高危女性群体，并确定积极情绪和身体满意度是该群体潜在的情境影响因素，这可为改进现有干预措施提供参考（例如，在身体满意度低于平常的时候提供干预内容）。
