Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA; Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes for Health, USA.
Indian Heart J. 2020 Nov-Dec;72(6):582-588. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2020.09.015. Epub 2020 Sep 22.
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a strong predictor of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Studies in urban India have found about one-third of Indians suffer from MetS. Less is known about the prevalence of MetS in rural areas, where 70% of the population reside. This study examined the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a population of rural women in India.
Data were gathered in a community-based study of 500 rural and tribal women residing in the Mysore district, between the age of 30-59 years. The study used the WHO STEPS approach, in which information on demographics and behavioral risk factors were collected. Along with anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids were measured. A harmonized definition of MetS recommended by International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention was used in this study.
Three out of five study participants were found to have MetS (47.1%, n = 223). Of those, 56.5% met 3 of the 5 criteria, 32.2% met 4 criteria, and 11.2% met all 5 criteria. Among the entire sample, low HDL was the most prevalent criterion (88.4%), followed by elevated glucose (57.9%), elevated triglycerides (49.3%), elevated BP (41.5%), and increased waist circumference (15.3%). In this sample, women with METS were generally older (p < 0.001), housewives (p = 0.001), that consumed salty highly processed foods (p = 0.020) and had low physical activity (p = 0.015).
This study showed a high prevalence of MetS in rural women. There is a compelling need for interventions aimed at reducing CHD risk factors in this population.
代谢综合征（MetS）是冠心病（CHD）的强有力预测指标。印度的城市研究发现，约有三分之一的印度人患有 MetS。关于农村地区 MetS 的患病率知之甚少，而那里居住着 70%的人口。本研究旨在研究印度农村妇女的代谢综合征患病率。
数据来自在迈索尔区居住的 500 名农村和部落妇女的社区基础研究，年龄在 30-59 岁之间。该研究采用了世界卫生组织的 STEPS 方法，收集了人口统计学和行为危险因素信息。除了人体测量学测量外，还测量了血压、血糖和血脂。本研究使用了国际糖尿病联合会流行病学和预防工作组推荐的代谢综合征的统一定义。
研究发现，五分之三的研究参与者患有 MetS（47.1%，n=223）。其中，56.5%符合 5 项标准中的 3 项，32.2%符合 4 项，11.2%符合所有 5 项标准。在整个样本中，低 HDL 是最常见的标准（88.4%），其次是血糖升高（57.9%）、甘油三酯升高（49.3%）、血压升高（41.5%）和腰围增加（15.3%）。在该样本中，患有 METS 的女性通常年龄较大（p<0.001）、家庭主妇（p=0.001）、食用含盐量高的加工食品（p=0.020）和体力活动水平较低（p=0.015）。
本研究显示农村妇女 MetS 的患病率较高。迫切需要针对该人群的 CHD 危险因素进行干预。
