Li Meiling, Dahmani Louisa, Wang Danhong, Ren Jianxun, Stocklein Sophia, Lin Yuanxiang, Luan Guoming, Zhang Zhiqiang, Lu Guangming, Galiè Fanziska, Han Ying, Pascual-Leone Alvaro, Wang Meiyun, Fox Michael D, Liu Hesheng
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People Hospital & Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Neuroimage. 2021 Feb 15;227:117680. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117680. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
Whether antagonistic brain states constitute a fundamental principle of human brain organization has been debated over the past decade. Some argue that intrinsically anti-correlated brain networks in resting-state functional connectivity are an artifact of preprocessing. Others argue that anti-correlations are biologically meaningful predictors of how the brain will respond to different stimuli. Here, we investigated the co-activation patterns across the whole brain in various tasks and test whether brain regions demonstrate anti-correlated activity similar to those observed at rest. We examined brain activity in 47 task contrasts from the Human Connectome Project (N = 680) and found robust antagonistic interactions between networks. Regions of the default network exhibited the highest degree of cortex-wide negative connectivity. The negative co-activation patterns across tasks showed good correspondence to that derived from resting-state data processed with global signal regression (GSR). Interestingly, GSR-processed resting-state data was a significantly better predictor of task-induced modulation than data processed without GSR. Finally, in a cohort of 25 patients with depression, we found that task-based anti-correlations between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex were associated with clinical efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy targeting the DLPFC. Overall, our findings indicate that anti-correlations are a biologically meaningful phenomenon and may reflect an important principle of functional brain organization.
在过去十年里，关于拮抗脑状态是否构成人类脑组织的一个基本原则一直存在争议。一些人认为，静息态功能连接中内在的反相关脑网络是预处理的产物。另一些人则认为，反相关是大脑对不同刺激反应方式的生物学上有意义的预测指标。在这里，我们研究了各种任务中全脑的共激活模式，并测试脑区是否表现出与静息时观察到的类似的反相关活动。我们检查了来自人类连接组计划（N = 680）的47种任务对比中的脑活动，发现网络之间存在强大的拮抗相互作用。默认网络区域表现出全皮层负连接的最高程度。跨任务的负共激活模式与通过全局信号回归（GSR）处理的静息态数据得出的模式具有良好的对应关系。有趣的是，经GSR处理的静息态数据比未经GSR处理的数据能更好地预测任务诱导的调制。最后，在一组25名抑郁症患者中，我们发现背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）和膝下前扣带回皮层之间基于任务的反相关与针对DLPFC的经颅磁刺激治疗的临床疗效相关。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，反相关是一种生物学上有意义的现象，可能反映了功能性脑组织的一个重要原则。
