Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Wolska 37, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland.
Ophthalmic University Hospital Warsaw (SPKSO), Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Mar;104:239-241. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.061. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Cowpox is a rare zoonosis transmitted to humans mainly from cats. The disease usually causes skin lesions; however, the ocular form may lead to other serious complications. We describe a case of cowpox in a rare location of the upper eyelid of an immunocompetent male, which lead to necrosis of the upper eyelid, keratitis and leucomatous opacity, and the neovascularization of the cornea. The patient underwent several surgeries, including reconstruction surgery of the eyelids, correction of the medial canthus, and corneal neurotization with supraorbicular nerve transplantation. Suspicion of cowpox should be made in patients where there are poorly healing skin lesions accompanied by a painful black eschar with erythema and local lymphadenopathy. Ocular cowpox may lead to serious complications and possibly mimic anthrax. Diagnosis of cowpox can be confirmed by detection of cowpox virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction. Patients should be advised to protect themselves while handling sick animals.
牛痘是一种罕见的人畜共患传染病，主要通过猫传播给人类。该病通常导致皮肤损伤；然而，眼部形式可能导致其他严重并发症。我们描述了一例免疫功能正常的男性罕见的上眼睑牛痘病例，该病例导致上眼睑坏死、角膜炎和白斑混浊，以及角膜新生血管形成。该患者接受了多次手术，包括眼睑重建手术、内眦矫正手术以及眶上神经移植的角膜神经化手术。对于存在愈合不良的皮肤损伤、伴有疼痛的黑色焦痂、红斑和局部淋巴结病的患者，应怀疑牛痘。眼部牛痘可能导致严重并发症，并可能类似于炭疽。通过聚合酶链反应检测牛痘病毒 DNA 可确诊牛痘。应建议患者在处理患病动物时保护自己。
