Institute of Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Central Diagnostic Laboratory Division, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, 80937 Munich, Germany.
Viruses. 2017 Dec 7;9(12):375. doi: 10.3390/v9120375.
Here we present two cases of human infection with cowpox virus with distinct clinical courses. A series of clinical photographs documents lesion progression over time. In the first case-an unvaccinated young veterinary assistant-a pustule was treated locally with cortisone. The lesion turned into a large ulcer accompanied by severe lymphadenitis. Based on her close contact to a sick stray cat, infection with cowpox virus was assumed and confirmed by virus isolation, PCR, and serology. The clinical course took up to eleven months until healing of the wound was complete. Transmission of cowpox virus from the cat was likely because a skin swab was PCR-positive and the cat had a high titer of anti-orthopoxvirus antibodies. In contrast, a rather mild clinical course of cowpox was confirmed in a 49-year-old male farmer vaccinated against smallpox. Only a small eschar developed, and wound closure was complete after 6 weeks.
我们在此呈现两例人感染牛痘病毒的病例，其临床表现存在显著差异。一系列临床照片记录了病变随时间的进展情况。在第一个病例中，一名未接种疫苗的年轻兽医助理出现脓疱，局部用可的松治疗。病变发展成一个大溃疡，并伴有严重的淋巴结炎。根据她与患病流浪猫的密切接触，我们推测并通过病毒分离、PCR 和血清学检测证实了牛痘病毒感染。该临床病程持续了 11 个月，直至伤口完全愈合。从猫传播牛痘病毒的可能性较大，因为皮肤拭子 PCR 检测为阳性，且该猫具有高滴度的抗正痘病毒抗体。相比之下，一名 49 岁的男性农民接种过天花疫苗，其牛痘感染的临床表现相对较轻。仅出现一个小焦痂，6 周后伤口完全愈合。
