State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol. 2020 Dec;25:516-530. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-516-530.
To evaluate the psycho-emotional state of children-residents of radioactively contaminated territoriesand to characterize the typological features of their personality in the remote period of the Chornobyl catastrophe.
Psycho-emotional status and typological personality traits were determined in 96 childrenaged 12 to 17 years, who resided in radioactively contaminated territories with a soil contamination density of 137Csabove 185 kBq/m-2, and were admitted for examination and treatment in the pediatric departments of the NRCRMclinic. Psycho-emotional state of children was determined using the test «non-existent animal», which was assessedin points on symptom complexes: anxiety, aggression and neuro-mental exhaustion. The questionnaire of A. Bassand A. Darkey was used to discriminate various aspects of the aggression symptom complex. In all children, the content of incorporated 137Cs was determined using a whole body counter.
The results of the evaluation of the psycho-emotional state of children - residents of radioactively contaminated territories in the remote period of the Chornobyl catastrophe according to the test «non-existent animal»showed, that the state of anxiety was registered in all 96 children (100 %); state of aggression - in 60 children(62.5 %); exhaustion - in 57 children (59.37 %). Depending on the prevalence of the one or another symptom complexes, or their combination, 5 groups of observations were formed and the personality traits of children characteristic for each group were determined. In the largest group I with the predominance of anxiety symptom complex(45,83 % of the total sample) were noted: stable tendency to perceive many life-threatening situations and environment, pessimistic assessment of one's own life perspective, constant high level of anxiety. Girls were in majorityin this group. For group II, which showed a combination of high rates of two symptom complexes - anxiety andaggression (18.75 % of the total sample), the characteristic personality traits were a constant high level of emotional tension, a tendency to perceive the environment with distrust and a sense of guilt that arouses. In group IIIof children (14.58 % of the total sample), the symptom complex of aggression with feelings of alienation, isolationand hostile attitude towards the environment prevailed. Group IV of children (16.67 % of the total sample), with thecombination of signs of exhaustion and anxiety, had poor ability to concentrate, memory and attention deficit disorders, decreased learning ability, constant fatigue and irritability, apathy, inactivity, and inertia. Group V (only 4.17 %of the total sample) was characterized by low (less than 2 points) indices of all three symptom complexes. Girls weremuch more prone to anxiety, boys were more aggressive, sometimes accompanied by anxiety. Symptom complex ofexhaustion was determined with the same frequency in both boys and girls.
Assessment of psycho-emotional sphere of children - residents of radioactively contaminated territories in the remote period of the Chornobyl catastrophe according to the «non-existent animal» test revealed in of100 % of children the presence of anxiety signs, in the vast majority - the state of aggression and exhaustion. Therewere no probable associations between the content of incorporated 137Cs (in the range from 111 to 7024 Bq) and thepeculiarities of the psycho-emotional state of children.
评估儿童居民在放射性污染地区的心理情绪状态，并描述切尔诺贝利灾难后远程时期他们的人格类型特征。
对居住在土壤 137Cs 污染密度超过 185 kBq/m-2 的放射性污染地区、年龄在 12 至 17 岁之间的 96 名儿童进行心理情绪状态和人格类型特征评估。使用“不存在的动物”测试来评估儿童的心理情绪状态，该测试通过对焦虑、攻击和神经精神衰竭等症状综合体进行评分来评估。使用 A. Bass 和 A. Darkey 的问卷来区分攻击症状综合体的各个方面。对所有儿童，均使用全身计数器来确定体内所摄入的 137Cs 含量。
根据“不存在的动物”测试，对切尔诺贝利灾难后远程时期居住在放射性污染地区的儿童的心理情绪状态进行评估，结果显示，焦虑状态在所有 96 名儿童中均有记录（100%）；攻击状态在 60 名儿童中（62.5%）；衰竭状态在 57 名儿童中（59.37%）。根据某一症状综合体或其组合的普遍程度，我们形成了 5 个观察组，并确定了每个组的儿童特征。在最大的第 I 组中，焦虑症状综合体占主导地位（占总样本的 45.83%），表现为稳定的倾向，即对许多危及生命的情况和环境进行感知，对自己的生活前景进行悲观评估，始终保持高水平的焦虑。在该组中，女孩居多。第 II 组显示出焦虑和攻击两种症状综合体的高发生率（占总样本的 18.75%），其特征人格特质是始终保持高度的情绪紧张，对环境持不信任和内疚感，这会引起敌意。第 III 组的儿童（占总样本的 14.58%）以攻击性和疏离感、孤立感以及对环境的敌对态度为主要特征。第 IV 组儿童（占总样本的 16.67%），以疲劳和焦虑症状的组合为特征，表现为注意力不集中、记忆力和注意力障碍、学习能力下降、持续疲劳和易怒、冷漠、不活跃和惰性。第 V 组（仅占总样本的 4.17%）的所有三个症状综合体的评分均较低（低于 2 分）。女孩更容易焦虑，男孩更容易攻击，有时伴有焦虑。在男孩和女孩中，疲劳症状综合体的发生率相同。
根据“不存在的动物”测试，对居住在切尔诺贝利灾难后远程时期放射性污染地区的儿童的心理情绪领域进行评估，结果显示，在所有儿童中，焦虑症状的发生率为 100%，绝大多数儿童表现出攻击性和衰竭状态。体内所摄入的 137Cs 含量（111 至 7024 Bq 之间）与儿童的心理情绪状态特点之间不存在可能的关联。
