Manuel Leonardo, Bechel Aurélio, Noormahomed Emília Virgínia, Hlashwayo Delfina Fernandes, Madureira Maria do Céu
Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
Heliyon. 2020 Dec 18;6(12):e05746. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05746. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Malaria is an important parasitic disease that affects mostly the African continent. Traditional medicine is very important in Mozambique and traditional healers play a key role in the primary health care services, particularly in rural areas. We aim to report the results of an ethnobotanical survey undertaken in Mogovolas district, northern region of Mozambique. We recorded and identified the medicinal plants used by traditional healers for treatment of malaria, as well as the mode of preparation and administration.
The study was conducted in 14 villages from Mogovolas between June and August 2015. Sixteen traditional healers were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Under their guidance, we collected medicinal plants and prepared herbarium specimens that were sent and kept at Eduardo Mondlane University Herbarium for scientific identification. We searched for information on the and studies of the cited plants for antiplasmodial activity.
Traditional healers from Mogovolas district reported the use of 37 plants to treat malaria, belonging to 22 families. The most used species are Oliv. (5 citations), Klotzsch and (M.A.Lawson) Engl. & Diels (both with 3 citations). These plants belong to Ochnaceae, Boraginaceae and Combretaceae families, respectively. The herbal remedies are prepared using leaves (22/37), roots (18/37), stem barks (16/37) and stems (3/37). The administration of the herbal remedies was made essentially by oral route and bathing.
The ethnobotanical data resulted from this study can be the starting point for further chemical and pharmacological studies aiming to identify medicinal species with antimalarial activity, thus, open the insights for the discovery of new antimalarial substances, as well as better integration of the traditional medicine into the national health systems, particularly in developing countries, as the health system coverage is limited.
疟疾是一种重要的寄生虫病，主要影响非洲大陆。传统医学在莫桑比克非常重要，传统治疗师在初级卫生保健服务中发挥着关键作用，特别是在农村地区。我们旨在报告在莫桑比克北部地区莫戈沃拉斯区进行的一项民族植物学调查结果。我们记录并鉴定了传统治疗师用于治疗疟疾的药用植物，以及制备和给药方式。
2015年6月至8月在莫戈沃拉斯的14个村庄进行了这项研究。使用半结构化问卷对16名传统治疗师进行了访谈。在他们的指导下，我们收集了药用植物并制备了标本，这些标本被送到爱德华多·蒙德拉内大学植物标本馆进行科学鉴定。我们搜索了有关所引用植物抗疟活性的 和 研究的信息。
莫戈沃拉斯区的传统治疗师报告使用37种植物治疗疟疾，分属22个科。使用最多的物种是 Oliv.（5次引用）、 Klotzsch和 （M.A.劳森）Engl. & Diels（均为3次引用）。这些植物分别属于金莲木科、紫草科和使君子科。草药制剂使用叶子（22/37）、根（18/37）、茎皮（16/37）和茎（3/37）制备。草药制剂的给药主要通过口服和沐浴。
本研究得出的民族植物学数据可以成为进一步化学和药理学研究的起点，旨在鉴定具有抗疟活性的药用物种，从而为发现新的抗疟物质以及更好地将传统医学纳入国家卫生系统，特别是在发展中国家，因为卫生系统覆盖范围有限，提供见解。
