Polenick Courtney A, Birditt Kira S, Turkelson Angela, Perbix Emily A, Salwi Shreya M, Zarit Steven H
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Aging and Biopsychosocial Innovations Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Gerontologist. 2021 Aug 13;61(6):897-906. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnaa215.
Older people experience fewer negative interactions and report less stress in response to interpersonal tensions. Less is known, however, about the implications of daily social interactions for biological stress responses. We evaluated links between daily positive and negative interactions and 2 key biomeasures of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S). We also considered the moderating effects of age.
Participants included a random sample of 93 individuals aged 40-95 who completed 14 days of daily diary interviews and provided saliva samples during 4 of those days.
Three-level piecewise models showed that individuals had higher sustained DHEA-S levels on days after reporting more positive interactions. Young-old adults (60-79) had lower overall DHEA-S on days when they had more negative interactions than oldest-old adults (80 and older). Oldest-old adults showed a flatter decline in DHEA-S on days after they reported more negative interactions compared to midlife adults (40-59). Daily social interactions were not significantly associated with cortisol.
Strategies to increase positive interactions may help to build physiological resilience to stress, particularly among midlife and young-old adults.
老年人经历的负面互动较少，且在面对人际紧张关系时报告的压力也较小。然而，对于日常社交互动对生物应激反应的影响，我们所知甚少。我们评估了日常积极和消极互动与下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴的两个关键生物指标之间的联系：唾液皮质醇和硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEA - S）。我们还考虑了年龄的调节作用。
参与者包括93名年龄在40 - 95岁之间的随机抽样个体，他们完成了为期14天的每日日记访谈，并在其中4天提供了唾液样本。
三级分段模型显示，个体在报告了更多积极互动后的日子里，其DHEA - S水平持续较高。年轻老年人（60 - 79岁）在有更多负面互动的日子里，其总体DHEA - S水平低于最年长者（80岁及以上）。与中年成年人（40 - 59岁）相比，最年长者在报告了更多负面互动后的日子里，DHEA - S的下降更为平缓。日常社交互动与皮质醇无显著关联。
增加积极互动的策略可能有助于建立对压力的生理恢复力，尤其是在中年人和年轻老年人中。
