Department of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 Dec 1;21(12):3551-3556. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.12.3551.
Skin cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in Iran and worldwide. Due to the nature of work, sailors are constantly exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sun, which in the long run damages their skin and raises the chances of skin cancer. Thus, the present research aimed to predict the skin cancer protective behaviors among sailors in the south of Iran in the light of the protection motivation theory.
The present analytical, cross-sectional research was conducted on 360 sailors in Bandar-Bushehr selected randomly from 4 border healthcare centers. To collect the required data, a reliable and valid questionnaire based on the protection motivation theory was used. The data were analyzed in SPSS21 using descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis.
Pearson correlation coefficient showed a statistically significant positive correlation between protection motivation, perceived severity, fear, reward on the one hand and a statistically significant negative correlation between protection motivation and rewards and response costs. All constructs of protection motivation explained 43% of the variance of skin cancer protective behaviors. Among the influential predictors, perceived self-efficacy showed to be the strongest (β=0.328).
Considering the effectiveness of the protection motivation theory in determining skin cancer preventive behaviors among sailors, it can be concluded that this theory can be used as a framework in planning health education and promotion programs to motivate sailors to adopt more skin cancer protective behaviors.
皮肤癌是伊朗和全球最常见的癌症之一。由于工作性质，水手们经常暴露在太阳的紫外线下，这从长远来看会损害他们的皮肤，增加皮肤癌的几率。因此，本研究旨在根据保护动机理论预测伊朗南部水手的皮肤癌保护行为。
本分析性、横断面研究于 2023 年在 Bandar-Bushehr 随机选取了 360 名水手，他们来自 4 个边境医疗中心。为了收集所需的数据，使用了基于保护动机理论的可靠且有效的问卷。使用 SPSS21 软件对数据进行了描述性和推断性统计分析，包括皮尔逊相关系数和线性回归分析。
皮尔逊相关系数显示，保护动机、感知严重性、恐惧、奖励与皮肤癌保护行为之间呈正相关，保护动机与奖励和反应成本之间呈负相关，且具有统计学意义。保护动机的所有结构解释了皮肤癌保护行为的 43%的方差。在有影响的预测因素中，感知自我效能感最强（β=0.328）。
鉴于保护动机理论在确定水手皮肤癌预防行为方面的有效性，可以得出结论，该理论可以作为规划健康教育和促进计划的框架，以激励水手采取更多的皮肤癌保护行为。
