Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021 Feb 1;21(1):52-58. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000705.
Gastro-esophageal reflux is a possible cause of uncontrolled symptoms of asthma and should be actively investigated and treated before severe asthma is diagnosed and biological therapy started.
Recent investigations on esophageal function and tissue biomarkers in patients with asthma and associated GERD have established a relevant role for esophageal motility and neuronal sensory abnormalities in linking the two diseases. Characterization of the underpinning inflammatory substrate has showed mixed results as both neutrophilic and eosinophilic type 2 inflammatory changes have been described.
New findings regarding inflammatory mechanisms in GERD-associated asthma as well as new diagnostic tools to investigate functional esophageal abnormalities and characterize asthma endotype have identified potential treatable traits that may improve the clinical management and outcome of asthmatic patients with GERD.
胃食管反流可能是哮喘症状失控的一个原因，在被诊断为严重哮喘和开始使用生物疗法之前，应积极进行调查和治疗。
最近对哮喘和相关胃食管反流病患者的食管功能和组织生物标志物的研究确立了食管运动和神经元感觉异常在将这两种疾病联系起来方面的相关作用。对潜在炎症底物的特征描述显示出混合结果，因为已经描述了中性粒细胞和嗜酸性 2 型炎症变化两种类型。
胃食管反流相关哮喘中炎症机制的新发现以及用于研究功能性食管异常和描述哮喘表型的新诊断工具确定了潜在的可治疗特征，这可能改善胃食管反流病哮喘患者的临床管理和预后。
