Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Berlin.
Department of Psychology, Division of Psychological Methods and Evaluation, University of Hagen.
Health Psychol. 2021 Jan;40(1):71-76. doi: 10.1037/hea0001051. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Subjective social status (SSS) refers to individuals' perceived position in the social hierarchy. Prior research suggests that SSS relates to health above and beyond objective socioeconomic status (OSS) such as income, occupation, or education. Most findings in this field, however, stem from cross-sectional studies or longitudinal studies with one-time measurements of SSS only. The aim of this study was to examine reciprocal longitudinal associations of both national SSS (i.e., comparison with people in one's country) and local SSS (i.e., comparison with people in one's social environment) with health-related quality of life. A two-wave cross-lagged panel design with a 2-year follow-up was used to analyze data for national SSS, local SSS, physical and mental health-related quality of life (PHQL and MHQL), as well as OSS from initially 2,156 individuals who participated in the German Socioeconomic Panel Study-Innovation Sample (SOEP-IS). Local and national SSS at baseline predicted PHQL at follow up and partially mediated associations between OSS and PHQL. Local SSS (but not national SSS) also predicted MHQL at follow-up but this association was only marginally significant after inclusion of OSS in the model. Regarding a reverse health-to-SSS pathway, PHQL (but not MHQL) at baseline predicted local and national SSS at follow-up and these associations were partially mediated by income. This study extends cross-sectional observations by confirming that both local and national SSS have unique longitudinal associations with health and provides novel insights into longitudinal pathways linking SSS, OSS, and health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
主观社会地位（SSS）是指个体在社会等级中感知到的位置。先前的研究表明，SSS 与健康有关，超越了收入、职业或教育等客观社会经济地位（OSS）。然而，该领域的大多数发现都源于横断面研究或仅进行一次 SSS 测量的纵向研究。本研究旨在检验国家 SSS（即与一个国家的人相比）和地方 SSS（即与一个人所处社会环境中的人相比）与健康相关的生活质量之间的互惠纵向关联。使用为期 2 年的两波交叉滞后面板设计对最初有 2156 人参加德国社会经济面板研究创新样本（SOEP-IS）的国家 SSS、地方 SSS、身心健康相关生活质量（PHQL 和 MHQL）以及 OSS 数据进行分析。基线时的地方和国家 SSS 预测了随访时的 PHQL，并且部分中介了 OSS 和 PHQL 之间的关联。地方 SSS（而不是国家 SSS）也预测了随访时的 MHQL，但在纳入模型中的 OSS 后，这种关联仅具有边缘显著性。关于健康到 SSS 的反向途径，基线时的 PHQL（而不是 MHQL）预测了随访时的地方和国家 SSS，这些关联部分被收入所中介。本研究通过确认地方和国家 SSS 与健康都具有独特的纵向关联，扩展了横断面观察，为 SSS、OSS 和健康之间的纵向途径提供了新的见解。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
