Research Unit, Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde - ISCISA, Maputo, Mozambique
School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
BMJ Open. 2020 Dec 21;10(12):e041323. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041323.
The study aimed at identifying the commonly used non-prescribed antibiotics (NPAs) and the main health conditions leading to the practices of self-medication with antibiotics (SMAs) in Maputo city, Mozambique.
Cross-sectional qualitative study based on individual and group interviews.
The study was conducted in nine pharmacies of three socioeconomic areas of Maputo city, from October 2018 to March 2019.
The study included 32 pharmacy clients and 17 pharmacists. The pharmacy clients included men 10 (31%) and women 22 (69%) ranging from 19 to 67 years while the pharmacists included men 6 (35,3%) and women 11 (64,7%) with ages ranging from 24 to 47 years.
The majority of the pharmacy clients 30 (93.75%) admitted frequent use of NPAs, 15 (88.2%) out of the 17 pharmacists admitted dispensing NPAs. While the majority of the participants (16) mentioned the use of amoxicillin, also known as 'two colours medicine', 14 mentioned the use of cotrimoxazole and seven mentioned amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. Two to five participants also used tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, doxycycline, erythromycin, metronidazole and phenoxymethylpenicillin. The above mentioned NPAs were used to treat self-perceived sore throat, fever, pain, cough, vaginal discharge, eye problems, the common influenza, urinary infections, respiratory tract infections, wounds and toothaches.
Antibiotics are perceived as essential medical resources to manage health and illnesses. While taking an active role in their health-disease process, participants commonly used amoxicillin, 'two colours', cotrimoxazole and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid to manage their health and that of their families. In this sense, the practices of SMAs were perceived as part of the self-care process and not necessarily as misuse of antibiotics. A wideunderstanding of health-seeking beliefs and behaviours regarding the utilisation of antibiotics is needed to inform public health experts, health policymakers and other stake-holders in designing and implementing public health education and health promotion programsat all levels in Mozambique.
本研究旨在确定莫桑比克马普托市常用的非处方抗生素（NPAs）和导致自行使用抗生素（SMAs）的主要健康状况。
基于个人和小组访谈的横断面定性研究。
该研究于 2018 年 10 月至 2019 年 3 月在马普托市三个社会经济区的 9 家药店进行。
研究包括 32 名药店客户和 17 名药剂师。药店客户包括 10 名男性（31%）和 22 名女性（69%），年龄在 19 至 67 岁之间，而药剂师包括 6 名男性（35.3%）和 11 名女性（64.7%），年龄在 24 至 47 岁之间。
大多数药店客户（93.75%）承认经常使用 NPAs，17 名药剂师中有 15 名（88.2%）承认配药 NPAs。虽然大多数参与者（16 名）提到使用阿莫西林，也称为“两种颜色的药”，但 14 名参与者提到使用复方磺胺甲噁唑，7 名参与者提到使用阿莫西林克拉维酸。还有 2 至 5 名参与者还使用四环素、环丙沙星、阿奇霉素、多西环素、红霉素、甲硝唑和苯氧甲基青霉素。上述 NPAs 用于治疗自我感知的喉咙痛、发烧、疼痛、咳嗽、阴道分泌物、眼部问题、普通流感、尿路感染、呼吸道感染、伤口和牙痛。
抗生素被视为管理健康和疾病的重要医疗资源。在积极参与他们的健康-疾病过程时，参与者通常使用阿莫西林、“两种颜色”、复方磺胺甲噁唑和阿莫西林克拉维酸来管理他们自己和家人的健康。在这种意义上，SMAs 的做法被视为自我保健过程的一部分，而不一定是抗生素的滥用。为了为莫桑比克各级公共卫生专家、卫生政策制定者和其他利益攸关方提供信息，需要广泛了解关于抗生素使用的卫生保健寻求信念和行为，以便在各级设计和实施公共卫生教育和健康促进计划。
