Department of General Medicine, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland
Department of Rheumatology, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
BMJ Open. 2020 Dec 18;10(12):e042930. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042930.
Our study aims to understand the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers (HCWs) at acute hospital settings in the South-East of Ireland, as a crucial step in guiding policies and interventions to maintain their psychological well-being.
Observational cohort study.
472 HCWs participated from two distinct acute hospital settings, A and B, in the South-East of Ireland.
Measures of psychological distress-depression, anxiety, acute and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-as dictated by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). An independent sample t-test and a Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine significance of difference in continuous variables between groups. Categorical variables were assessed for significance with a χ test for independence.
The DASS-21 provided independent measures of depression (mean 4.57, IQR 2-7), anxiety (mean 3.87, IQR 1-6) and stress (mean 7.41, IQR 4-10). Positive scores were reflected in 201 workers (42.6%) for depression and 213 (45.1%) for both anxiety and stress. The IES-R measured subjective distress on three subscales: intrusion (mean 1.085, IQR 0.375-1.72), avoidance (mean 1.008, IQR 0.375-1.5) and hyperarousal (mean 1.084, IQR 0.5-1.667). Overall, 195 cases (41.3%) were concerning for PTSD. Site B scored significantly higher across all parameters of depression (5.24 vs 4.08, p<0.01), anxiety (4.66 vs 3.3, p<0.01), stress (8.91 vs 6.33, p<0.01) and PTSD (0.058 vs 0.043, p<0.01). Worse outcomes were also noted in HCWs with underlying medical ailments.
Psychological distress is prevalent among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic; screening for adverse mental and emotional outcomes and developing timely tailored preventative measures with effective feedback are vital to protect their psychological well-being, both in the immediate and long-term.
本研究旨在了解 COVID-19 大流行对爱尔兰东南部急性医院环境中医护人员（HCWs）的心理影响，这是指导政策和干预措施以维护其心理健康的重要步骤。
观察性队列研究。
来自爱尔兰东南部两个不同急性医院环境（A 和 B）的 472 名 HCWs 参与了本研究。
使用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS-21）和修订后的事件影响量表（IES-R）评估心理困扰-抑郁、焦虑、急性和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的指标。使用独立样本 t 检验和曼-惠特尼 U 检验确定组间连续变量差异的显著性。使用 χ 检验独立性评估分类变量的显著性。
DASS-21 提供了抑郁（均值 4.57，IQR 2-7）、焦虑（均值 3.87，IQR 1-6）和压力（均值 7.41，IQR 4-10）的独立测量。201 名工人（42.6%）的抑郁评分和 213 名工人（45.1%）的焦虑和压力评分呈阳性。IES-R 在三个子量表上测量主观困扰：侵入（均值 1.085，IQR 0.375-1.72）、回避（均值 1.008，IQR 0.375-1.5）和过度警觉（均值 1.084，IQR 0.5-1.667）。总体而言，195 例（41.3%）存在 PTSD 问题。B 点在抑郁（5.24 与 4.08，p<0.01）、焦虑（4.66 与 3.3，p<0.01）、压力（8.91 与 6.33，p<0.01）和 PTSD（0.058 与 0.043，p<0.01）方面的得分均显著更高。患有潜在医疗疾病的 HCWs 也出现了更差的结果。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，医护人员普遍存在心理困扰；对不良心理和情绪结果进行筛查，并制定及时、有针对性的预防措施，并提供有效的反馈，对于保护他们的心理健康至关重要，无论是在当下还是长期。
