Ameer Kashif, Shahbaz Hafiz Muhammad, Kwon Joong-Ho
School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyungpook Natl. Univ., Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
the Dept. of Biotechnology, Yonsei Univ., 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2017 Mar;16(2):295-315. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12253. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
Polyphenols as phytochemicals have gained significant importance owing to several associated health benefits with regard to lifestyle diseases and oxidative stress. To date, the development of a single standard method for efficient and rapid extraction of polyphenols from plant matrices has remained a challenge due to the inherent limitations of various conventional extraction methods. The exploitation of polyphenols as bioactive compounds at various commercial levels has motivated scientists to explore more eco-friendly, efficient, and cost-effective extraction techniques, based on a green extraction approach. The current review aims to provide updated technical information about extraction mechanisms, their advantages and disadvantages, and factors affecting efficiencies, and also presents a comparative overview of applications of the following modern green extraction techniques-supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and pressurized hot water extraction-as alternatives to conventional extraction methods for polyphenol extraction. These techniques are proving to be promising for the extraction of thermolabile phenolic compounds due to their advantages over conventional, time-consuming, and laborious extraction techniques, such as reduced solvent use and time and energy consumption and higher recovery rates with lower operational costs. The growing interest in plant-derived polyphenols prompts continual search for green and economically feasible modern extraction techniques. Modern green extraction techniques represent promising approaches by virtue of overcoming current limitations to the exploitation of polyphenols as bioactive compounds to explore their wide-reaching applications on an industrial scale and in emerging global markets. Future research is needed in order to remove the technical barriers to scale-up the processes for industrial needs by increasing our understanding and improving the design of modern extraction operations.
作为植物化学物质的多酚，因其对生活方式疾病和氧化应激具有多种相关健康益处而变得极为重要。迄今为止，由于各种传统提取方法存在固有局限性，开发一种从植物基质中高效快速提取多酚的单一标准方法仍然是一项挑战。在各个商业层面将多酚作为生物活性化合物加以利用，促使科学家基于绿色提取方法探索更环保、高效且经济高效的提取技术。本综述旨在提供有关提取机制、其优缺点以及影响效率的因素的最新技术信息，还对以下现代绿色提取技术——超临界流体萃取、超声辅助萃取、微波辅助萃取、加压液体萃取和加压热水萃取——作为多酚提取传统方法的替代方法的应用进行了比较概述。由于这些技术相对于传统的耗时费力的提取技术具有优势，如减少溶剂使用、降低时间和能源消耗以及以较低运营成本实现更高回收率，因此在提取热不稳定酚类化合物方面被证明是很有前景的。对植物源多酚的兴趣日益浓厚，促使人们不断寻找绿色且经济可行的现代提取技术。现代绿色提取技术凭借克服当前在将多酚作为生物活性化合物加以利用方面的局限性，从而在工业规模和新兴全球市场探索其广泛应用，代表了很有前景的方法。为了通过增进理解和改进现代提取操作的设计来消除扩大工业规模生产过程中的技术障碍，未来仍需开展研究。
