Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2021;22(1):136-149. doi: 10.2174/1389201021666201229110625.
Medicinal plants produce a diverse group of phytocompounds like anthraquinones, alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenes which are used in pharmaceutical, perfume, cosmetics, dye and flavor industries. Commercial source of these metabolites is field-grown plants, which are generally influenced by seasonal changes. Biotechnology possesses a significant role in production of high-value secondary metabolites. By incorporating biotechnological methods, it is feasible to manage biosynthetic pathways of the plant to enhance phytocompound production that is of pharmaceutical interest. Plant cell suspension, shoot, adventitious root and hairy root culture are considered as alternative methods for important bioactive compound production. These methods are controllable, sustainable and overcome several inconveniences for large scale secondary metabolites production. At present research on hairy root culture for valuable bioactive compound production has gained a lot of attention. Agrobacterium rhizogenes is an agent which causes hairy root disease in a plant and this leads to the neoplastic growth of root which is characterized by higher growth rate and genetic stability. Various studies explore the hairy root culture for production of a wide range of bioactive compounds. Scale-up of hairy root culture using bioreactors has provided an opportunity to enhance bioactive compound production at the commercial level. The present review discusses the role of hairy root culture in the production of valuable bioactive compounds, the effect of culture parameters on bioactive compound production and bioreactor applications.
药用植物产生了多种多样的植物化合物，如蒽醌、生物碱、花青素、类黄酮、皂苷和萜类化合物，这些化合物被用于制药、香水、化妆品、染料和香料行业。这些代谢物的商业来源是田间种植的植物，这些植物通常会受到季节变化的影响。生物技术在生产高价值次生代谢物方面发挥着重要作用。通过采用生物技术方法，可以对植物的生物合成途径进行管理，以提高具有药用价值的植物化合物的产量。植物细胞悬浮培养、芽、不定根和毛状根培养被认为是生产重要生物活性化合物的替代方法。这些方法是可控的、可持续的，可以克服大规模生产次生代谢物的许多不便。目前，关于发根培养生产有价值的生物活性化合物的研究引起了广泛关注。发根农杆菌是一种在植物中引起毛根病的病原体，这导致了根的肿瘤生长，其特征是生长速度更快和遗传稳定性更高。各种研究都探索了毛状根培养生产广泛生物活性化合物的方法。使用生物反应器进行毛状根培养的放大为在商业水平上提高生物活性化合物的生产提供了机会。本文综述了毛状根培养在生产有价值的生物活性化合物中的作用、培养参数对生物活性化合物生产的影响以及生物反应器的应用。
